摘要
目的分析2008-2023年华宁县报告的人间布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)流行特征,为当地制定布病疫情控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2008-2023年华宁县布病发病数据进行研究,运用EXCEL2010、SPSS27、GeoDa 1.18.0.0、SaTScan10.0.2等软件对发病率及发病趋势、性别因素、地区分布等进行统计分析,检验水准ɑ=0.05。结果2008-2023年华宁县共报告布病病例87例,平均发病率为2.58/10万,呈上升趋势(趋势χ^(2)=36.356,P<0.001)。全年均有发病,主要集中在3-8月,占全年发病总数的71.26%,具有一定的季节性(Rx=0.198,Ry=-0.242,M=0.313);发病率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.232,P<0.001),职业分布以农民为主占病例总数的77.01%;盘溪镇报告病例数最多46例占52.87%,平均发病率最高5.46/10万;全县布病病例总体呈随机分布,无空间聚集(Z<1.96,P>0.05);各年龄组均有发病,但以21~60岁青壮年为主占总病例数的82.76%。结论2008-2023年华宁县布病发病率呈上升趋势,疫情呈散发分布;应加强对重点人群布病防制健康教育和规范养殖培训的力度,及时发现并处置带菌牲畜,做到有效控制传染源,切断传播途径,达到降低布病病例数,保护人群健康的目的。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis(abbreviated as HB)reported in Huaning County from 2008 to 2023 and provide evidence for local HB control strategies.Methods A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on brucellosis incidence data from 2008 to 2023.Software including EXCEL 2010,SPSS 27,GeoDa 1.18.0.0,and SaTScan 10.0.2 was employed to statistically analyze incidence rates,temporal trends,gender differences,and spatial distribution.The significance level was set at a-0.05.Results A total of 87 HB cases were reported during the study period,with an average annual incidence rate of 2.58/100000,showing an upward trend(trend χ^(2)=36.356,P<0.001).Cases occurred year-round but peaked seasonally from March to August(71.26%of annual cases;seasonal indices:Rx=0.198,Ry=-0.242,M-0.313).Males had a significantly higher incidence than females(χ^(2)=19.232,P<0.001),and farmers accounted for 77.01%of cases.Panxi Town reported the highest number of cases(46 cases,52.87%)and the highest average incidence rate(5.46/100000).Spatial analysis indicated no significant clustering(Z<1.96,P>0.05).While cases occurred across all age groups,82.76%were aged 21-60 years.Conclusions The incidence of HB in Huaning County has increased significantly from 2008 to 2023,with sporadic spatial distribution;Greater efforts should be made to enhance health education on the prevention and control of HB among key populations and provide standardized training on livestock breeding.Timely detection and proper handling of carrier animals should be ensured to effectively control the source of infection,cut off the transmition routes,and reduce the number of HB cases,thereby protecting public health.
作者
姜万祥
李永才
施全龙
杜艳花
马振伟
张译丹
倪兆林
JIANG Wan-xiang;LI Yong-cai;SHI Quan-long;Du Yan-hua;MA Zhen-wei;ZHANG Yi-dan;NI Zhao-lin(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Huaning County,Huaning,Yunnan 652899,China;不详)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2025年第3期63-66,69,共5页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
作者简介
姜万祥(1987-),男,副主任医师,学士,从事传染性疾病控制及健康教育、突发公共卫生事件现场流行病学调查等工作,E-mail:hnxmbkjwx@163.com;通信作者:倪兆林,E-mail:nizhaolinjy@163.cm。
