摘要
在中国式现代化进程中,健全的社会保障体系是实现共同富裕的关键制度支撑。然而,与发达国家“先工业化、后数字化”的转型路径不同,中国面临的是工业化与数字化的双重转型叠加,其对就业结构与财富分配格局的冲击更为剧烈,亦对现有以工业社会为基础构建的社会保障制度提出适用性、公平性与可持续性等方面的系统性挑战。为应对新兴风险,社会保障制度亟需围绕保障对象、体系结构、制度功能、筹资机制与治理方式等核心维度进行适应性改革,即从选择性向全民保障扩展,从碎片化管理走向系统性风险治理,从风险补偿向能力建设投资转变,从传统缴费制迈向缴税制,从粗放式管理转向数字化治理。只有实现制度、技术与人力资本的协同演进,才能有效吸纳和再分配“数字红利”,进而更好地实现中国式现代化的战略目标。
In the course of Chinese-style modernization,a sound and comprehensive social security system serves as a crucial institutional foundation for achieving common prosperity.However,unlike the pathway of"industrialization followed by digitalization"in developed countries,China is experiencing a dual transformation in which industrialization and digitalization are overlapping and proceeding in parallel.This dual transition exerts more profound impacts on employment structures as well as wealth distribution patterns,and it poses systemic challenges to the applicability,fairness,and sustainability of a social security system originally designed for an industrial society.To address these emerging risks,China's social security system must undergo adaptive reforms across key dimensions,including coverage scope,institutional architecture,policy functions,financing mechanisms,and governance models.Specifically,it requires a shift from selective to universal coverage,from fragmented management to integrated risk governance,from risk compensation to investment in capacity building,from a contribution-based to a tax-based financing model,and from extensive management to refined digital governance.This study argues that only through the coordinated evolution of institutions,technologies,and human capital can the"digital dividend"be effectively absorbed and redistributed,thereby providing stronger institutional support for realizing the strategic objectives of Chinese-style modernization.
作者
陈斌
Chen Bin(School of Sociology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《社会保障评论》
2025年第4期56-73,共18页
Chinese Social Security Review
基金
国家社会科学基金社科学术社团资助重大项目“中国社会保险制度建设与发展战略研究”(24SGA001)。
关键词
中国式现代化
数字化转型
社会保障制度
适应性改革
Chinese-style modernization
digital transformation
social security system
adaptive reform
作者简介
陈斌,华中科技大学社会学院/养老服务研究中心副教授。主要研究方向:社会保障理论与政策。
