新时代优化营商环境政策工具的特征与完善路径

Characteristics and Optimization Approaches to Policy Instruments for Improving the Business Environment in the New Era

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摘要党的十八大以来,优化营商环境上升到国家治理战略高度,成为构建新发展格局和推动高质量发展的关键举措。以政策工具分类理论为基础,从“放管服”改革、政府与内外部主体关系两个维度看,政府优化营商环境的主要政策工具包括政府系统变革型、信息与宣传型、监管与惩治型、引导激励型、能力建设型工具。这些工具具有推动政府自身改革、放权赋能、为企业服务、社会监督、维护公平竞争秩序的特征优势。针对政策工具中的薄弱环节,应完善多元主体共治的政策工具,加强不同政策工具的协调配合,延伸政策工具链条和优化评价体系,进一步提高营商环境政策的政府治理效能和国际竞争力,为构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制提供保障。 Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,improving the business environ⁃ment has become a strategic priority in national governance,serving as a key measure for building a new devel⁃opment pattern and promoting high-quality development.Based on the theory of policy instruments,from the dimensions of“Streamlining Administration,Strengthening Supervision,and Improving Services”reform and the relationships between the government and internal and external actors,this study identifies the primary pol⁃icy instruments for improving the business environment:government system reform,information and publicity,regulation and enforcement,guidance and incentives,and capacity building.These instruments are character⁃ized by promoting government reform,decentralizing authority,serving enterprises,enabling social supervision,and maintaining fair competition.To address weaknesses in policy instruments,the government should enhance policy tools for multi-actor co-governance,improve coordination among different policy instru⁃ments,extend the policy instrument chain,and optimize the evaluation system for the business environment.These measures are essential for enhancing the governance effectiveness and international competitiveness of business environment policies,thereby supporting the development of a high-level socialist market economy system.

作者孙彩红 SUN Cai-hong(School of Government,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102445,China)

机构地区中国社会科学院大学政府管理学院

出处《山东行政学院学报》 2025年第4期33-41,共9页 Journal of Shandong Academy of Governance

基金中国社会科学院创新工程项目“行政管理体制改革与政府绩效评估研究”(ZZX25ZD03)。

关键词营商环境政策工具行政审批市场监管政务服务高质量发展 Business Environment Policy Instruments Administrative Approval Market Regulation Govern⁃ment Services High-Quality Development

分类号 D63 [政治法律—中外政治制度]

作者简介孙彩红(1976-),女,管理学博士,中国社会科学院大学政府管理学院教授、硕士生导师,中国社会科学院政治学研究所公共管理研究中心研究员,研究方向为政府治理与改革。