摘要
在公元前6—前5世纪期间,分属古代波斯、古代犹太与古代希腊文明的居鲁士圆柱铭文、《以赛亚书》和希罗多德《历史》,各自从“征服者”“受助者”和“回望者”的视角,记载了居鲁士率领波斯人对新巴比伦帝国的征服。三者虽然是对同一场征服的书写,却分别通过强调居鲁士作为“世间共主”“受膏之王”和“异邦人君”的形象,在主题上呈现出对以帝国统治者为主的“王事”、以耶和华神为主的“神事”,以及以人类过往为主的“人事”的侧重。就用意而言,三者分别希望通过解释这场征服,将此事纳入统一的世界统治框架、流动的文化认同体系,以及开放的历史探究传统之中,使其实现普遍的政治化、广泛的理想化与共同的历史化。这不仅反映了不同文明对历史事件的独特解读,也展现了古人如何通过书写历史来连接过去、现在与未来,为多元文明交流互鉴提供了深刻启示。
In the 6^(th) and 5^(th) ccenturies B.C.,the Cyrus Cylinder,Isaiah,and Herodotus'Histories,representing the ancient Persian,Jewish,and Greek civilisations respectively,recorded the conquest of the Babylonian Empire by Cyrus from their respective perspectives of the conqueror,the aided,and the retrospective observer.Although they all described the same conquest,they emphasised Cyrus from different aspects:the universal monarch,the anointed king,and the foreign ruler,presenting themes centred on royal affairs of imperial governance,divine affairs to Yahweh,and human affairs about human history respectively.In terms of intention,those texts aimed at integrating the conquest into the framework of world domination,fluid cultural identities,and open historical inquiry traditions.Accordingly,it made the event universally politicised,broadly idealised,and collectively historicised.This not only reflects diverse civilisations unique interpretations of historical events,but also illustrates how ancient people connected past,present and future through historical writings,offering profound insights into cross-civilisational exchanges and mutual learning.
出处
《世界历史》
北大核心
2025年第3期150-162,184,共14页
World History
基金
国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项“中东史学通史(五卷本)”(项目编号:23VLSO27)的阶段性成果。
作者简介
阿慧,中国社会科学院历史理论研究所助理研究员。
