摘要
为了解决植物工厂生产中粗放型环境调控策略导致生长环境波动和能源利用率偏低的问题,构建了基于光伏的小型植物工厂试验平台,并通过实时监测系统探究分析了牧草种植全周期温湿度、二氧化碳浓度等环境因子的动态变化规律,旨在建立精准化环境调控模型。研究发现:栽培架热环境呈现受控震荡特征—温度波动与空调高/低功率运行的周期呈现相位同步性,而空调高/低功率调节的频率与室外温度波动显著相关,栽培区温度垂直梯度特征显著;LED辐射热效应使各层温度梯度上升,上升幅度在2.0~4.0℃之间;二氧化碳浓度呈现昼夜节律性波动,浓度在400×10^(-6)~538×10^(-6)之间波动;空气湿度受控于空调加湿与LED辐射热效应,LED灯开启后栽培区湿度显著降低,各层降低幅度在5%RH~20%RH之间。本研究全面、明晰地对牧草种植的生长环境因素进行了全周期测量与分析,揭示了环境因子时空分布规律,为植物工厂牧草生产的智能化升级和低碳化运营提供了理论依据。
In order to solve the problems of growth environment fluctuation and low energy utilization rate caused by extensive environmental regulation strategies in plant factory improvement production,a small plant factory test platform based on photovoltaic was constructed.The dynamic changes of environmental factors such as temperature,humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the whole cycle of forage planting were explored and analyzed through real-time monitoring system,aiming to establish a precise environmental regulation model.It was found that the thermal environment of the cultivation frame presented controlled oscillation characteristics-temperature fluctuation and the period of high/low power operation of air conditioning showed phase synchronization,while the frequency of high/low power adjustment of air conditioning was significantly correlated with outdoor temperature fluctuation,and the vertical gradient characteristics of temperature in the cultivation area were significant.The thermal effect of LED radiation made the temperature gradient of each layer rise,and the increase range was between 2.0℃ and 4.0℃.The concentration of carbon dioxide fluctuated between 400×10^(-6) and 538×10^(-6).The air humidity was controlled by air conditioning humidification and LED radiation heat effect.After the LED light was turned on,the humidity in the cultivation area was significantly reduced,and the reduction range of each layer was between 5%RH and 20%RH.This study comprehensively measured and analyzed the environmental factors throughout the forage grass growth cycle,revealing the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of these factors,which provided a theoretical basis for the intelligent upgrade and low-carbon operation of forage grass production in plant factories.
作者
王诚朴
阳曼秋
于程
刘向东
张程宾
Wang Chengpu;Yang Manqiu;Yu Cheng;Liu Xiangdong;Zhang Chengbin(College of Electrical and Energy Power Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2025年第12期258-264,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1504300)。
关键词
植物工厂
种植环境
全周期
时空分布
plant factory
growth environment
full cycle
spatiotemporal distribution
作者简介
王诚朴(2001-),男,江苏徐州人,硕士研究生,(E-mail)cpwang2004@dingtalk.com;通信作者:于程(1988-),男,江苏扬州人,副教授,博士,(E-mail)chengyu@yzu.edu.cn。
