摘要
水稻播种前进行浸种催芽是清除种子携带的病原体和解决寒区水稻生长周期短、积温不足的重要环节,而使用温汤浸种代替药剂浸种可避免药剂浸种效果下降、破坏土壤环境等问题。以“龙粳31”为试验稻种,通过正交试验研究不同温度和时间条件下的温汤浸种处理对水稻种子发芽率、出苗率和壮苗率的影响,通过对各因素的方差分析建立回归模型,并进行响应曲面分析,使用Design-Expert 13软件对试验数据进行优化处理,确定最佳温汤浸种处理条件为温汤浸种温度58℃、时间9 min,凉水浸种温度15℃、时间5 min。使用温汤浸种设备与双氧催芽设备、播种码盘流水线、叠盘育秧设备配套开展叠盘暗室育秧大田验证试验,采用温汤浸种消毒、种子包衣消毒和不消毒3种处理方式进行对比试验,结果表明:水稻种子温汤浸种处理后,移栽时株高为13.84 cm、叶龄为3.47叶、根数为11.4条,均达到壮苗标准,实际产量为8461.77 kg/hm^(2),优于传统处理方式。试验结果可为温汤浸种机器的研发与使用提供理论依据。
Soaking and germination before rice sowing is an important link to remove the pathogens carried by seeds and solve the problem of short growth cycle and insufficient accumulated temperature of rice in cold areas.The use of warm soup soaking instead of pesticide soaking is used to solve the problems of reducing the effect of pesticide soaking and destroying the soil environment.Longjing 31 was used as the experimental rice variety to study the effects of warm soup soaking treatment on the germination rate,seedling emergence rate and seedling growth rate of rice seeds under different temperature and time conditions through orthogonal experiments,and the regression model was established through the analysis of variance of each factor,and the response surface analysis was carried out.Finally,the test data was optimized by Design-Expert 13 software to determine the optimal processing conditions.The results showed that the optimal treatment conditions were soak seeds in warm soup at 58℃ for 9 minutes,soak seeds in cold water at 15℃ for 5 minutes.The results of field test showed that the plant height of 13.84 cm,leaf age of 3.47 leaves and number of roots of 11.4,which reached the standard of strong seedlings at the time of transplanting,and the actual yield was 8,461.77 kg/hm^(2),which was better than that of the traditional treatment.The test results can provide a theoretical basis for the development and use of the warm soup soaking machine.
作者
赵胜雪
郭洋
周轶楠
阚立民
高帅南
张宇
Zhao Shengxue;Guo Yang;Zhou Yinan;Kan Limin;Gao Shuainan;Zhang Yu(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2025年第11期162-168,176,共8页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1601905-04)。
关键词
水稻种子
温汤浸种
秧苗素质
响应曲面
rice seeds
warm soup soaked seeds
seedling quality
response surface
作者简介
赵胜雪(1968-),男,北京人,教授,博士生导师,(E-mail)zhaoshengxue@163.com。
