摘要
沙门菌病作为一种人畜共患病,对人类健康和养殖业发展构成了严重威胁。我国人源及动物源沙门菌普遍存在多重耐药现象,且存在人与动物之间的潜在交互传播风险。本研究旨在调查2021年河南省各地区腹泻病患者中分离到的沙门菌中mcr-1基因的流行情况,并分析其分子传播特征。2021年从河南5家医院采集127份人源粪便样品,使用含有2μg/mL黏菌素的SS琼脂板分离沙门菌,并使用革兰染色、生化鉴定以及PCR技术扩增16S rRNA及invA基因来鉴定沙门菌;检测沙门菌中黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1的携带情况,使用微量肉汤稀释法药敏试验检测mcr-1阳性菌株对常用15种抗菌药的敏感性,最后进行全基因组测序分析该菌株的特征。通过革兰染色、生化鉴定以及16S rRNA及invA的PCR扩增,共在127份人源粪便样品中检出6株沙门菌,阳性率为4.7%,其中在1株沙门菌中检测到mcr-1。该菌株对黏菌素的最低抑菌浓度是8μg/mL,多序列位点的分型结果是ST34,携带blaTEM-116、blaCTX-M-14、blaOXA-1、oqxAB、tet(A)、floR、catB3、catA1、sul1、sul2、sul3、ant(3'')、aph(3')-Ia、dfrA12等多种耐药基因。该沙门菌对黏菌素、氨苄西林、奥格门丁、头孢噻呋、头孢他啶、庆大霉素、大观霉素、四环素、氟苯尼考、氯霉素、磺胺异恶唑、甲氧嘧啶、恩诺沙星、环丙沙星耐药。含有mcr-1基因的质粒通过试验证实可发生接合转移,并与国内外报道的携带mcr-1的IncHI2质粒高度相似。在1株人源沙门菌中检测出了mcr-1基因,该菌株耐药谱广泛,推测mcr-1基因位于全球流行的IncHI2质粒上。加强医院感染防控措施和合理应用抗菌药物对于延缓沙门菌耐药性发展具有重要的临床意义。
Salmonella,a zoonotic pathogen,poses a serious threat to human health and the development of animal husbandry.In China,multidrug resistance in Salmonella from both human and animal sources is a severe concern,with potential for cross-transmission.In 2019,127 human fecal samples were collected from five hospitals in Henan Province.Salmonella was isolated using SS agar plates supplemented with 2μg/mL colistin and identified via Gram staining,biochemical tests,and PCR amplification targeting the 16S rRNA and invA genes.The presence of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was assessed,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the microbroth dilution method was conducted to evaluate the strain's resistance to 15 commonly used antibiotics.Whole-genome sequencing was performed to analyze the strain’s genetic characteristics.A total of six Salmonella strains were identified(positivity rate:4.7%),among which one was mcr-1-positive.The strain’s MIC for colistin was 8μg/mL.MLST identified the strain as ST34.It harbored multiple resistance genes,including blaTEM-116,bla CTX-M-14,bla OXA-1,oqxAB,tet(A),floR,catB3,catA1,sul1,sul2,sul3,ant(3''),aph(3')-Ia,and dfrA12.The isolate was resistant to colistin,ampicillin,amoxicillin,ceftiofur,ceftazidime,gentamicin,spectinomycin,tetracycline,florfenicol,chloramphenicol,sulfisoxazole,sulfamethoxydiazine,enrofloxacin,and ciprofloxacin.The mcr-1-bearing plasmids were transferable and showed high similarity to previously reported IncHI2 plasmids,both in China and abroad.Strengthening infection control measures and rational antibiotic use are essential to delay the emergence of drug-resistant Salmonella strains.
作者
付赛赛
李凤珍
李代琦
FU Saisai;LI Fengzhen;LI Daiqi(Collge of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Shangqiu Polytechnic,Shangqiu,Henan 476000,China;Luohe Animal,Diseade Control Center,Luohe,Henan 462000,China)
出处
《陕西农业科学》
2025年第6期13-21,共9页
Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
商丘市科技攻关(2024045)。
作者简介
第一作者:付赛赛(1991-),女,硕士,讲师,研究方向为细菌耐药性;通信作者:李代琦。
