书写因果与褒贬有度:《朝野佥载》的武周政治叙事

The Delineation of Causality and the Nuance of Praise and Criticism:The Political Narrative of the Wu Zhou Era in Chaoye Qianzai(朝野佥载)

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摘要张鷟《朝野佥载》中有关武周政治书写的内容并不局限于唐国史记载,而是杂糅了民间谣谶内容,旨在通过史实来印证谣谶的可靠性。细致分析可见,张鷟以历史观察的视角书写武周政治故事,旨在借助那个时代盛行的谣谶来佐证他所认同的政治观念。谣谶讲究的征应、定数观念与周朝政治变迁关联,能够契合人们普遍接受的因果报应观念,有利于传达他的政治认识。《朝野佥载》的叙事逻辑大致表现为:以史实印证谣谶的可靠性,以谣谶的因果报应原理丰富传统时代朴素的价值观念,以评论或注解、或夸张的修辞法,巩固一套由朴素价值观念保驾护航的政治观念。《朝野佥载》杂糅民间异闻与史实解读的叙事风格,已有了唐宋笔记小说转型的萌芽特征,深刻影响了后代有关武周朝政治的认识。 The political narratives of the Wu Zhou era in Zhang Zhuo’s Chaoye Qianzai(朝野佥载)is not confined to the historical records of the Tang state,but rather intermingles with folk prophecies,aiming to substantiate the reliability of these prophecies through historical facts.A meticulous analysis reveals that Zhang Zhuo,from the perspective of historical observa⁃tion,chronicles the political tales of the Wu Zhou era,intending to corroborate his endorsed political ideologies with the prevalent prophecies of that time.The concepts of portentous responses and predestination associated with prophecies are linked to the po⁃litical vicissitudes of the Zhou dynasty,aligning with the widely accepted notion of karmic retribution,thereby facilitating the con⁃veyance of his political insights.The narrative logic of Chaoye Qianzai is largely manifested as follows:validating the reliability of prophecies with historical facts,enriching the simplistic value concepts of the traditional era with the principle of karmic retribu⁃tion inherent in prophecies,and consolidating a set of political concepts safeguarded by simplistic values through commentary,annotation,or exaggerated rhetoric.The narrative style of Chaoye Qianzai,which blends folk anecdotes with historical interpreta⁃tion,bears the embryonic characteristics of the transformation of Tang and Song dynasty notebook novels,profoundly influencing the later understanding of the politics of the Wu Zhou era.

作者董春林 DONG Chunlin

机构地区四川师范大学历史文化学院

出处《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》北大核心 2025年第4期112-123,共12页 Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基金四川省武则天研究中心项目“文本书写与唐宋武则天历史形象构建”(SCWZT202505)。

关键词唐代朝野佥载武周政治叙事手法 Tang Dynasty Chaoye Qianzai(朝野佥载) the politics of the Wu Zhou era narrative technique

分类号 K242 [历史地理—中国史] I207.41 [文学—中国文学]

作者简介董春林,四川师范大学历史文化学院教授,博士生导师(四川成都610068)。