摘要
【目的】古茶园土壤管理对茶叶品质至关重要,目前关于南华县古茶园土壤肥力状况及茶叶品质的研究鲜有报道。【方法】本研究对南华县2个代表性古茶园的136株古茶树对应土壤样品的8项养分指标和茶叶样品的14项茶叶品质成分进行测定,并运用模糊数学方法计算土壤肥力综合指数(IFI);结合相关性及主成分分析,对古茶园土壤养分含量与茶叶品质指标之间的关系进行研究。【结果】古茶园土壤的pH值多在4.20至5.80之间,全氮(TN)、全钾(TK)、速效钾(AK)含量较为丰富,碱解氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、有机质(OM)含量处于较高水平,但全磷(TP)含量相对较低,部分AP含量偏低。IFI的计算结果表明,IFI值介于0.201至0.990,反映出当地古茶园的土壤肥力质量均达到Ⅱ级及以上水平,除了pH值和TK外,其它指标与IFI均显示出较强的相关性。茶叶品质成分水浸出物、茶多酚、游离氨基酸主要受AP和TK的影响,而儿茶素组分CG、GC和GCG主要受到土壤AP、AN和OM的影响。【结论】南华县古茶园的土壤养分含量处于中等偏上水平,且空间分布较均匀。建议通过施用磷肥、氮肥和有机肥及时补充土壤中的养分,以提高茶叶品质,从而促进茶园的可持续生产。
[Objective]Soil management in ancient tea gardens is crucial for the quality of tea leaves.However,research on the fertility status of the soil in the ancient tea gardens of Nanhua County and its impact on tea quality has not commenced.[Methods]This study measured 8 soil nutrient indicators and 14 tea quality components for 136 ancient tea trees from two representative ancient tea gardens in Nanhua County,and calculated the Soil Fertility Comprehensive Index(IFI)using fuzzy mathematics.Subsequently,the relationship between soil nutrients and tea quality was studied using correlation and principal component analysis.[Results]The results showed that the pH values of the ancient tea garden soils were mostly between 4.20 and 5.80,with abundant of total nitrogen(TN),total potassium(TK)and available potassium(AK),and higher levels of available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP)and soil organic matter(SOM).However,TP was relatively low,and some AP levels were found to be low.The calculation of IFI indicated that the values ranged from 0.201 to 0.990,reflecting that the soil fertility quality of the local ancient tea gardens has reached at least levelⅡ,and except for pH and TK,other indicators showed a strong correlation with IFI.Tea quality components such as water-soluble substances,tea polyphenols,and free amino acids were mainly influenced by AP and TK,while theaflavins,including CG,GC and GCG,were mainly affected by AP,AN,and SOM.[Conclusion]The soil nutrient level in the ancient tea gardens of Nanhua County is moderately high and evenly distributed spatially.Based on the above analysis,it is recommended to timely supplement the soil with phosphorus fertilizers,nitrogen fertilizers,and organic fertilizers to improve the nutritional components in the soil,thereby enhancing tea quality and promoting sustainable production in the tea gardens.
作者
王后巧
王白娟
黄玮
王桥美
武天宇
彭国臣
李蕾
高峻
李俊波
史晓波
WANG Hou-qiao;WANG Bai-juan;HUANG Wei;WANG Qiao-mei;WU Tian-yu;PENG Guo-chen;LI Lei;GAO Jun;LI Jun-bo;SHI Xiao-bo(College of Tea Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650100,China;Key Laboratory for Intelligent Organic Tea Plantation Construction in Yunnan Province’s universities,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650100,China;Nanhua County Tujie Town Agricultural and Rural Service Center,Chuxiong 675209,China)
出处
《土壤通报》
北大核心
2025年第3期691-700,共10页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
云南省基础研究专项-重点项目(202301AS070083)
云南省茶产业人工智能及大数据应用创新团队(202405AS350025)
农业联合专项-面上项目(202301AK070045)资助。
关键词
古茶园土壤
肥力评价
养分指标
茶叶品质
南华县
Ancient tea garden soil
Fertility assessment
Nutrient indicator
Tea quality
Nanhua county
作者简介
王后巧(2000-),女,云南文山,硕士研究生,主要研究领域为茶园土壤、茶树种质资源与茶叶生化。E-mail:17787464434@163.com;通讯作者:王白娟,E-mail:wangbaijuan2023@163.com。
