摘要
受流域水沙变化、阶段性人类活动等影响河流汊道分流关系、滩槽演变关系更趋复杂,解析连续汊道段分流关系与滩槽形态演变机制对河流治理与航道水深资源具有重要意义。为此,以长江下游芜裕-马鞍山河段为例,基于1960~2022年期间水沙条件、汊道分流比、河道地形等数据,结合河势控制与航道治理等工程阶段性影响,研究了连续汊道段分流关系与滩槽形态演变机制。结果表明,三峡工程运行后来沙减少引起芜裕至马鞍山河段河床冲刷及汊道间冲淤不均衡,芜裕河段曹姑洲与陈家洲右汊、江心洲左汊、小黄洲右汊同流量分流比为减小态势;芜裕河段洲滩变形与汊道冲淤不均衡是汊道分流比调整的主因,江心洲汊道分流关系调整受芜裕河段滩槽形态调整、进口段节点等作用及江心洲左缘、牛屯河边滩等联动影响,使得江心洲左汊同流量分流比略有减小;受江心洲出口主流、滩群演变及分流关系调整等影响,小黄洲左汊分流比为增大趋势;受河势控制与航道整治工程等影响,芜裕河段曹姑洲与陈家洲右汊、江心洲左汊同流量分流比减幅降低,小黄洲左汊同流量分流比关系将趋于稳定。
Affected by the changes of water and sediment in the basin and phased human activities,the diversion relationship of river channels and the evolution of beaches and channels have become more complex.Analyzing the diversion relationship of continuous channel sections and the evolution mechanism of beach and channel morphology is of great significance for river management and the water depth resources of waterways.The Wuyu to Maanshan reach in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River is taken as the object.Based on the data of water and sand conditions,channel diversion ratio and channel topography from 1960 to 2022,the diversion relationship of continuous channel sections and the evolution mechanism of beach and channel morphology were studied by considering the phased influence of river regime control and waterway management.The results show that after the operation of the Three Gorges Project,the reduction of sediment inflow causes the scouring of the riverbed and the imbalance of the wash and silt among the branches.The diversion ratio of Caoguzhou and the right branch of Chenjiazhou,the left branch of Jiangxinzhou and the right branch of Xiaohuangzhou in the Wuyu River section is showing a decreasing trend.The main reasons for the adjustment of the diversion ratio of the tributaries are the deformation of the shoals and the imbalance of the erosion and siltation of the tributaries in the Wuyu River section.The adjustment of the distributary relationship of the branch of Jiangxinzhou is influenced by the adjustment of the beach trough of the Wuyu reach,the node of the inlet section,and the linkage between the left edge of Jiangxinzhou and the Niutunhe side shoal.The diversion ratio of the left branch of Jiangxinzhou has slightly decreased.Influenced by the mainstream of the outlet,the evolution of the beach group and the adjustment of the diversion relationship,the diversion ratio of the left branch of Xiaohuangzhou has an increasing trend.Under the influence of river regime control and waterway regulation project,the reduction amplitude of the diversion ratio of Caoguzhou,Chenjiazhou right branch and Jiangxinzhou left branch in Wuyu reach will decrease,and the relationship between the diversion ratio of Xiaohuangzhou left branch will become stable.
作者
张瑞凯
杨云平
朱博渊
刘鹏飞
ZHANG Rui-kai;YANG Yun-ping;ZHU Bo-yuan;LIU Peng-fei(School of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,China)
出处
《水电能源科学》
北大核心
2025年第7期81-85,共5页
Water Resources and Power
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52279066)。
关键词
分汊河段
分流比
滩槽形态
工程影响
长江下游
branch river section
diversion ratio
morphology of beach trough
engineering regulation and control
lower reaches of Yangtze Rive
作者简介
张瑞凯(2003-),男,研究方向为港口航道及海岸,E-mail:2782275486@qq.com;通讯作者:杨云平(1985-),男,研究员,研究方向为港口航道与近海工程,E-mail:yangsan520_521@163.com。
