摘要
《红楼梦评论》因“有组织、有系统”而被视为中国文学批评史上破旧立新的经典之作,不过其第三、四章间其实存在隐秘断裂,并不构成一以贯之的整体。王国维从思想角度尤其是编稿角度,留下文本断裂的痕迹。他自述撰文时“思想上之陈迹”,由前三章立足早前崇奉的叔本华意志论,转向第四章对此“提出绝大之疑问”和“批评”。更为重要的是,根据王国维主编《教育世界》时的编稿惯例,凡上期文末标识“下期续印”者,半月后必然如期连载,唯讨论“伦理学上之价值”的《红楼梦评论》第四章破例推迟。他受当时正在编译的尼采伦理学说启发而质疑“叔氏伦理学上之最高理想”,遂调整第四章刊期并探索新理想,甚至在《红楼梦评论》的媒介形态由报刊连载转变为结集出版时,专门修订前三章原本与第四章新理想存在龃龉的论点。组织和系统遭遇意外破坏,构成《红楼梦评论》形式上的现代意味。在中国文学批评的现代转型之初,媒介形态起到关键的形塑作用。
Wang Guowei's Criticism on A Dream of Red Mansions is acclaimed as a groundbreaking work in the history of Chinese literary criticism for its"organized and systematic"approach.However,a notable textual discontinuity exists between the Chapter II and IV,revealing ideological shifts and editorial interventions by Wang himself.He openly acknowledged that Chapter IV abandoned Schopenhauer's theory of the will,which formed the philosophical foundation of Chapter Il.A close examination of Wang's editorial practices as the chief editor of World of Education revealed a striking anomaly:while articles marked with"to be printed in the next issue"consistently appeared as scheduled in the subsequent issue,Chapter IV of Criticism was the sole exception.Influenced by Nietzsche's ethics,Wang began to question"the highest ideal of Schopenhauer's ethics,"prompting a revision of the chapter's publication schedule.Titled as""The Ethical Value of A Dream of Red Mansions,"Chapter IV marked a significant shift.Later,as Criticism evolved from serialized publication to a self-selected anthology,Wang meticulously revised earlier arguments in Chapter II to align with the new ethical stance in Chapter IV.This case highlight how media morphosis profoundly influenced the development of early modern Chinese literary criticism.
作者
斯维
Si Wei(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Chongqing University,400044)
出处
《文艺理论研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期12-21,120,共11页
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费项目“18—19世纪戏曲传播史料整理与研究”[项目编号:2023CDJSKJC07]阶段性成果。
作者简介
斯维,文学博士,重庆大学中国语言文学系副教授,主要从事古典戏曲、悲剧理论、王国维文学思想研究。通信地址:重庆市沙坪坝区沙正街174号,400044。电子邮箱:siwei@cqu.edu.cn。
