摘要
硒多糖是一种同时具有多糖活性和补充硒元素作用的活性多糖。以辣木籽多糖为原料,采用HNO_(3)-Na_(2)SeO_(3)法制备辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯,通过单因素和响应面法优化其制备工艺,并研究了辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯的抗运动疲劳活性。结果表明,制备辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯的最优工艺为硝酸质量分数0.5%、反应温度60℃、反应时间8.3 h,在此工艺条件下制得的辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯中的硒含量为(3.89±0.08)mg/g,辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯光谱中存在—Se—O和Se—O—H典型吸收峰,晶形无显著变化。抗运动疲劳活性的结果表明,辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯可有效延长小鼠游泳力竭时间,降低小鼠血清中乳酸、无机磷酸盐和血清氨的含量,降低炎症相关指标的肿瘤坏死因子α和白介素-1β,升高白介素10的含量,同时升高脑干和下丘脑中神经递质多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素、降低5-羟色胺和5-羟基吲哚乙酸的含量。综上,辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯可以通过改善小鼠生化指标、延缓炎症反应和调节神经递质物质途径,实现抗运动疲劳目的。由此可知,辣木籽多糖亚硒酸酯具有较强抗运动疲劳活性,可作为一种功能性食品添加剂。
Selenium polysaccharides were a type of active polysaccharide with potential polysaccharide activity and the ability to supplement selenium and were considered as an emerging selenium supplement.Taking polysaccharides from Moringa oleifera seeds as the research object,M.oleifera seeds polysaccharide selenite ester was prepared using the HNO_(3)-Na_(2)SeO_(3)method.This method converted inorganic selenium into organic selenium,and had mild reaction conditions,with barium chloride as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction efficiency.Selenium existed in the form of selenides on the polysaccharide backbone.M.oleifera seed polysaccharides were successfully selenized to form selenite ester polysaccharides.The optimal preparation process was nitric acid mass concentration of 0.5%,reaction temperature of 60℃,and reaction time of 8.3 h.Using these process parameters,the selenium content in the M.oleifera seeds polysaccharides selenite ester was(3.89±0.08)mg/g.The infrared spectroscopy was used to determine its functional groups,and the X-ray polycrystalline diffraction was used to determine its crystal structure.The results showed that the spectral analysis of M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester revealed characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to—Se—O and Se—O—H,indicating the successful selenization of M.oleifera seed polysaccharides to prepare M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester.M.oleifera seed polysaccharides and M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester were both semi crystalline structure,and selenization did not alter the crystal structure of polysaccharides.The anti-exercise fatigue effect of M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester was studied through its effects on weight-bearing swimming,fatigue related indicators,inflammation,and neurotransmitters in mice.The results showed that M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester effectively prolonged the swimming exhaustion time of mice,reduce the levels of lactic acid,inorganic phosphate,and serum ammonia in mice's serum,and decreased the inflammatory markers TNF-αand IL-1βwhile increasing the content of IL-10.Additionally,it enhanced the levels of neurotransmitters dopamine(DA)and norepinephrine(NE)in the brainstem and hypothalamus while reducing the levels of serotonin(5-HT)and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA).The effect of M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester was better than that of M.oleifera seed polysaccharides.Therefore,M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester could achieve anti-exercise fatigue effects by altering mouse biochemical indicators,delaying inflammatory reactions,and regulating neurotransmitter substances.M.oleifera seed polysaccharide selenite ester had strong anti-exercise fatigue activity and could be used as a food additive.This experimental study could provide reference for developing new selenium rich foods and improving the added value of processed M.oleifera seeds.
作者
张苗苗
ZHANG Miaomiao(College of Sports,Nanyang Vocational College,Nanyang 474550,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期69-77,共9页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23B890010)
河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2023-ZZJH-285)
河南省社科联调研课题项目(SKL-2023-716)。
关键词
辣木籽多糖
亚硒酸酯
响应面法优化
运动
抗运动疲劳
Moringa oleifera seeds
selenite ester
response surface optimization
exercise
anti-exercise fatigue
作者简介
张苗苗,女,讲师,研究方向为体育运动食品与运动训练。E-mail:371731952@qq.com。
