摘要
【目的】分析在干旱胁迫下不同配方施肥处理后荔枝幼苗抗旱性的变化,以期为提升荔枝抗旱性,实现荔枝高效栽培提供参考。【方法】以荔枝品种‘糯米糍’压条苗为试材,以等体积比混合的沙子与蛭石为育苗基质,通过称重法控制基质水分在20%的干旱条件下,利用正交试验法设置了25个不同配比的尿素、过磷酸钙、氯化钾和硫酸镁施肥处理,对照为不施肥,分析了不同施肥处理下苗木的存活率及相关生理指标的变化。【结果】与未施肥的对照相比,在优化的施肥处理下,苗木存活率提高,叶片相对水分亏缺下降,相对电导率减小,而SOD活性及叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量增大。以苗木存活率、叶片相对水分亏缺、相对电导率、SOD活性及叶绿素、可溶性糖含量为评价指数,经主成分分析表明,在25个施肥处理下,苗木抗旱性变化较大。其中,在供试25个施肥处理中,以对照的得分最低,而尿素50 g/株+过磷酸钙75 g/株+硫酸镁30 g/株处理的得分最高。【结论】通过适宜的配方施肥,能有效提升荔枝苗的抗旱能力。
【Objective】The changes in drought resistance of lychee seedlings under different fertilization treatments in drought stress conditions were analyzed,with the expectation of providing references for enhancing the drought resistance of lychee and achieving efficient lychee cultivation.【Methods】Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)cultivar‘Nuomici’was used as the test material,and the mixture of sand and vermiculite with equal volume ratio was used as the seedling substrate.The matrix moisture was controlled by weighing method under the drought condition of 20%.The orthogonal test method was used to set up 25 different ratios of urea,calcium superphosphate,potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate fertilization treatments,and the control was no fertilization.The survival rate of seedlings and the changes of related physiological indexes under different fertilization treatments were analyzed.【Results】Compared with the non-fertilized control,optimized fertilization treatments improved seedling survival rate,reduced leaf relative water deficit and relative electrical conductivity,while increasing superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,chlorophyll content,and soluble sugar content.Using seedling survival rate,leaf relative water deficit,relative electrical conductivity,SOD activity,chlorophyll content,and soluble sugar content as evaluation indices,principal component analysis revealed significant variations in drought resistance among the 25 fertilization treatments.Among them,the control scored the lowest,while the treatment with urea(50 g/plant)+calcium superphosphate(75 g/plant)+magnesium sulfate(30 g/plant)scored the highest.【Conclusion】Appropriate formula fertilization can effectively enhance the drought resistance of litchi seedlings.
作者
邓毛锋
DENG Maofeng(Lianjiang Breeding Farm,Lianjiang Guangdong 524400,China)
出处
《果树资源学报》
2025年第4期36-42,共7页
Journal of Fruit Resources
关键词
荔枝
抗旱能力
施肥
抗性评价
litchi
drought resistance
fertilization
resistance evaluation
作者简介
第一作者:邓毛锋(1977-),男,农艺师,主要从事果树栽培研究。
