摘要
镰刀菌是世界范围内一种普遍存在的病原菌,影响植物的生长发育,严重威胁全球粮食安全和生物多样性。几乎所有的镰刀菌都会产生真菌毒素,其毒素种类繁多且致病性强。毒性较大的主要有单端孢霉烯族毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)和伏马菌素等。一方面,真菌毒素作为致病因子可感染多种植物,引起生长发育迟缓、果实或种子腐烂、叶子发黄、枯萎、溃烂、根或茎腐烂等症状,造成严重的作物损失与经济损失,是农业中备受关注的主题;另一方面,镰刀菌也被认为是人类和动物真菌感染的病原体,其毒素污染粮食和食物,引起人类和动物的相关病症,在免疫功能低下的患者中具有广泛的临床表现。大多数情况下,镰刀菌病很难控制,因为真菌很容易克服寄主对各种控制方法的抗性。本文综述了镰刀菌的最新研究进展,探讨了其与植物互作机制及其对粮食安全的影响。同时,详细介绍了识别镰刀菌的不同方法,旨在推动对这种不可避免的食品污染物进行综合管理的研究,以促进全球粮食安全的可持续发展。
Fusarium is a ubiquitous pathogen worldwide that can affect the growth and development of plants and pose a serious threat to global food security and biodiversity.Almost all Fusarium bacteria produce mycotoxins,which are diverse and pathogenic.The most toxic ones include trichothecenes,zearalenone(ZEA)and fumonisins.On the one hand,mycotoxins,as pathogenic agents,can infect a wide range of plants,leading to symptoms such as stunted growth,fruit or seed rot,yellowing of leaves,wilting,ulceration,and root or stem rot.These effects result in significant crop damage and economic losses,making mycotoxin contamination a major concern in agriculture.On the other hand,Fusarium is also considered to be the causative agent of fungal infections in humans and animals,and its toxins contaminate cereals and food,causing related pathologies in humans and animals,and have a wide range of clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patients.Most often,Fusarium is difficult to control because the fungus easily overcomes host resistance to various control methods.This review summarized the latest research on Fusarium,exploring its interaction mechanisms with plants and its impact on food security.Additionally,it provided a detailed overview of various methods for detecting Fusarium,aiming to promote research on the comprehensive management of this inevitable food contaminant to support the sustainable development of global food security.
作者
张雪珂
平文丽
ZHANG Xue-Ke;PING Wen-Li(Key Laboratory for Green Preservation&Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area,Tobacco Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2025年第14期120-127,共8页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC044)
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2025ZC100)。
关键词
镰刀菌
真菌
病原体
鉴定
病原菌与植物互作
疾病管理
粮食安全
Fusarium
fungi
pathogens
identification
pathogen and plant interaction
disease management
food security
作者简介
第一作者:张雪珂(1994-),女,硕士,研究实习员,主要研究方向为烟草分子抗病育种。E-mail:15538323680@163.com;通信作者:平文丽(1982-),女,博士,助理研究员,主要研究方向为烟草分子抗病育种。E-mail:pingwenli99@163.com。
