摘要
【目的】探讨紫竹开花营养动态和激素变化,结合紫竹林土壤环境及微生物变化,综合分析激素和营养水平对紫竹开花的影响,为指导制定有关延缓紫竹始花时间的措施提供科学依据。【方法】在广德采集1、2、3、4年生开花及未开花紫竹竹叶、竹枝、竹秆及竹鞭,测定有机碳、氮、磷、镁、钾、钙、铁、锌、硅等营养元素及叶片激素含量。同时采集0~60 cm土层土壤测定土壤养分、酶活性含量,高通量测序技术测定土壤微生物群落组成。【结果】紫竹开花后叶片的碳、氮、磷营养均有所流失,但各紫竹竹枝、竹秆、竹鞭有机碳含量差异不显著。氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、硅养分含量基本呈竹叶>竹枝>竹秆,其中竹叶中氮、钙、镁、铁、硅养分含量远高于竹枝、竹秆、竹鞭,开花紫竹各器官氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锌、硅含量与未开花紫竹有差异,但各林龄开花与未开花紫竹之间未呈现规律性区别。紫竹竹枝的C∶N高于其他器官,且差异显著;随着林龄的增加,各器官C∶N呈增加的趋势。1年生、2年生未开花各器官C∶P均分别低于开花各器官,而3年生、4年生开花与未开花紫竹各器官差异不显著。1年生、2年生及3年生开花紫竹竹叶IAA含量均分别高于未开花紫竹竹叶;1年生、2年生开花紫竹竹叶ABA含量高于未开花紫竹;1年生、2年生开花紫竹竹叶CTK含量低于未开花紫竹,ABA和CTK含量均在林龄增加到3年后与1年生和2年生形成规律性差异。紫竹林地表层土壤细菌、真菌菌属丰度均高于深层土壤,在各表层土壤中,彭村开花林地特有细菌菌属最多;笄山开花林地特有真菌菌属最多,表明紫竹开花后林地表层土壤菌群丰度发生变化。细菌优势菌属膨胀芽孢杆菌属丰度与全氮、碱解氮、有机质、酸性磷酸酶及脲酶极显著相关;真菌优势菌属木霉属丰度与速效钾、过氧化氢酶显著相关。【结论】紫竹开花后,竹叶、竹秆、竹枝及竹鞭营养元素均有变化,但未完全呈现规律性区别。1年生、2年生及3年生开花紫竹竹叶中IAA含量较高,呈规律性变化。开花紫竹林0~20 cm表层土壤细菌、真菌谱系多样性均低于未开花紫竹林表层土壤,开花紫竹植株对表层土壤细菌、真菌多样性产生影响。
【Objective】To explore the dynamic of flowering nutrition and hormone changes of Phyllostachys nigra,combined with the changes of soil environment and microorganisms in Phyllostachys nigra forest,and comprehensively analyze the effects of hormone and nutrient levels on flowering of Phyllostachys nigra,so as to provide scientific basis for guiding the development of measures to delay the onset time of Phyllostachys nigra.【Method】The contents of organic carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,magnesium,potassium,calcium,iron,zinc,silicon and hormone in leaves of 1,2,3 and 4 year old flowering and non-flowering Phyllostachys nigra were measured in Guangde.At the same time,0-60 cm soil layer was collected to determine soil nutrient and enzyme activity content,and the composition of soil microbial community was determined by high-throughput sequencing technology.【Result】After flowering,carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus are lost in leaves,but there is no significant difference in organic carbon content among branches,stalks and whips.The contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium,iron and silicon in Phyllostachys nigra leaves are basically in the order of Phyllostachys nigra leaves>branches>stalks,and the contents of nitrogen,calcium,magnesium,iron,zinc and silicon in Phyllostachys nigra leaves are much higher than those in Phyllostachys nigra branches,stalks and whips.The contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium,iron,zinc and silicon in each organ of flowering purple Phyllostachys nigra are different from those of non-flowering Phyllostachys nigra,but there is no regular difference between flowering and non-flowering Phyllostachys nigra at different ages.The C∶N of Phyllostachys nigra branches is higher than that of other organs,and the difference is significant.With the increase of forest age,the C∶N of each organ show an increasing trend.The C∶P of 1 and 2 year old non-flowering organs is lower than that of flowering organs,but there is no significant difference between 3 and 4 year old flowering and non-flowering organs.The IAA content of 1,2 and 3 year flowering Phyllostachys nigra leaves is higher than that of non-flowering leaves,respectively.The ABA content of 1 and 2 year flowering Phyllostachys nigra leaves is higher than that of non-flowering leaves.The CTK content of 1 and 2 year old flowering Phyllostachys nigra leaves is lower than that of non-flowering leaves,and the ABA and CTK content of 1 and 2 year old leaves show a regular difference after increasing the age to 3 years.The abundance of bacteria and fungi genera in the surface soil of Phyllostachys nigra forest is higher than that in the deep soil.Among all the surface soils,the endemic bacteria genera are the most in the flowering forest of Pengcun.The largest number of unique fungi genera are found in the Phyllostachys nigra flowering forest,indicating that the abundance of surface soil bacteria change after Phyllostachys nigra flowering.The abundances of the dominant bacterium Tumebacillus are significantly correlated with total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,organic matter,acid phosphatase and urease.The abundance of dominant fungi Trichoderma is significantly correlated with available potassium and catalase.【Conclusion】After flowering,the nutritional elements of Phyllostachys nigra leaves,stalks,branches and whips all change,but do not show regular differences.IAA content in 1,2 and 3 year flowering Phyllostachys nigra leaves are higher and showing regular changes.The PD-whole tree of bacteria and fungi in 0-20 cm surface soil of flowering Phyllostachys nigra forest is lower than that of non-flowering Phyllostachys nigra forest.Flowering Phyllostachys nigra plants have an effect on the diversity of bacteria and fungi in surface soil.
作者
孙慧
曹志华
吴中能
方明刚
潘小芳
钱孔屏
SUN Hui;CAO Zhihua;WU Zhongneng;FANG Minggang;PAN Xiaofang;QIAN Kongping(Anhui Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hefei 230088,Anhui,China;Anhui Shahe Forest Breeding National Long-term Scientific Research Base,Chuzhou 239000,Anhui,China;Guangde Forestry Development Center,Guangde 242200,Anhui,China;Shexian Forestry Bureau,Shexian 245200,Anhui,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期104-114,共11页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD220120403)
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(皖[2023]TG12号)
2023年安徽省林业科研创新项目。
关键词
紫竹
营养元素
激素
化学计量
土壤微生物
Phyllostachys nigra
nutrient element
hormones
stoichiometry
soil microorganism
作者简介
第一作者:孙慧(313396242@qq.com),助理研究员;通信作者:曹志华(caozhihua0558@126.com),副研究员,博士,硕士生导师。
