摘要
现实背景和政策目标的动态演进要求对宽严相济刑事政策内涵的解读与时俱进。传统解读仅聚焦于刑事制裁层面的宽严调整,忽视犯罪处遇措施体系科学化的刑事法向度和当前法治建设中规范确证引导守法的现实社会需求,导致宽严相济刑事政策在司法实践中呈现出“过度从宽导致规范松动”和“过度从严产生排斥效应”两方面问题。因此,有必要赋予宽严相济刑事政策“严以规范,宽以处遇”的新内涵:“严以规范”指实质违反刑法规范的行为均应受到否定性评价;“宽以处遇”指犯罪处遇措施不应过度严厉而需尽可能宽缓。具体实现路径包括优化刑法实质评价、提升犯罪追诉能力并严格刑事执行、强化刑事诉讼沟通价值、平衡公益私权、确立分级处遇理念,以及立足体系化思维优化犯罪处遇措施。
The dynamic evolution of the social context and policy objectives necessitates a contemporary interpretation of the doctrine of leniency and severity balanced criminal policy.Traditional interpretations have focused solely on adjustments to the severity of criminal sanctions,neglecting the criminal law’s orientation towards the scientific development of systems for criminal dispositions and the current societal demand for normative confirmation to guide lawful behavior in legal system construction.This has resulted in two problematic tendencies in judicial practice:“overly lenient dispositions leading to normative relaxation”and“overly severe dispositions creating a deterrent effect”.Therefore,it is necessary to endow the doctrine with a new interpretation:“strictness in standardization,leniency in dispositions”.“Strictness in standardization”refers to the principle that any conduct violating the substantive norms of criminal law should be met with negative legal evaluation.“Leniency in dispositions”refers to the principle that criminal dispositions should not be overly harsh,but rather as lenient as possible.The practical implementation should include optimizing substantive evaluation of criminal law,enhancing capacity for criminal prosecution while strictly enforcing criminal sanctions,strengthening the communicative value of criminal procedure,balancing public interest and private rights,establishing a tiered disposition philosophy,and optimizing systems for criminal dispositions through systematic thinking.
出处
《上海政法学院学报(法治论丛)》
2025年第4期83-99,共17页
Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)
基金
2022年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“以守法意识养成为指针的刑事治理现代化研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:22&ZD339。
关键词
刑事政策
规范确证
严以规范
宽以处遇
criminal policy
normative confirmation
strictness in standardization
leniency in dispositions
作者简介
王志远,中国政法大学刑事司法学院教授、博士生导师。
