黄沙基质不同栽培方式对设施番茄产量与品质的影响

Effects of different planting modes of yellow sand substrateon tomato yield and quality in solar greenhouse

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摘要【目的】研究黄沙基质袋式栽培(BC)和槽式栽培(TC)对番茄产量与品质的影响,验证不同栽培方式的优势与效果,为新疆沙漠、戈壁设施农业提供技术支持。【方法】供试番茄品种为卡地亚800和世佳1867,分析2个番茄品种不同栽培方式下的产量,并检测番茄可溶性固形物含量(SSC)、番茄红素(LYC)含量、VC含量和糖酸比,应用主成分分析综合性评价不同栽培方式番茄品质。【结果】番茄不同栽培方式番茄产量呈极显著性的差异(P<0.01),槽式栽培较袋式栽培产量平均高9.5%;不同栽培方式,番茄VC含量达到极显著水平(P<0.01),对番茄红素的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。袋式栽培比槽式栽培VC含量和糖酸比分别高22.7%和15.4%,槽式栽培对比袋式栽培前者可溶性固形物含量和番茄红素含量分别比后者高2.5%和20.3%。番茄2品种袋式栽培和槽式栽培的可溶性固形物含量、番茄红素、VC含量和糖酸比4个品质指标综合评价,得分顺序为槽式栽培世佳1867>袋式栽培世佳1867>袋式栽培卡地亚800>槽式栽培卡地亚800。【结论】袋式栽培显著提高番茄VC含量,增加糖酸比,改善番茄口感品质,缩短下茬番茄的种植周期,在新疆北疆地区具有应用潜力;槽式栽培有利于增加番茄红素含量,2个番茄品种平均产量为158.3 t/hm^(2),已达到温室番茄的高产水平,在沙漠、戈壁设施农业上具有推广应用的潜力。【Objective】The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of sand-substratebag cultivation(BC)and trough cultivation(TC)on tomato yield and quality,and to verify the advantages and effects of different planting modes,aiming to provide technical support for desert and Gobi facility agriculture in Xinjiang.【Methods】The tomato varieties under the test were Kardiya 800 and Shijia 1867.This study statistically analyzed the yields of the two tomato varieties under different planting modes,and tested their soluble solid content(SSC),lycopene(LYC)content,vitamin C(VC)content,and sugar-acid ratio.Principal component analysis was applied to comprehensively evaluate the quality of tomatoes grown under different planting modes.【Results】There was a significant difference in tomato yields among different planting modes(P<0.01),with an average yield increase of 9.5%in Trough cultivation compared to Sand-substratebag cultivation.Variance analysis of planting modes on tomato quality indicators showed that VC content reached a very significant level(P<0.01),and had a significant impact on Lycopene(P<0.05).Compared to Trough cultivation mode,BC mode had higher VC content and sugar-acid ratio by 22.7%and 15.4%respectively.In contrast,Trough cultivation mode had higher Soluble solid content and Lycopene content by 2.5%and 20.3%respectively compared to BC mode.Principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the four quality indicators of Soluble solid content,Lycopene,VC content,and sugar-acid ratio in the two tomato varieties under BC and Trough cultivation modes,the scoring order was TC Shijia 1867>BC Shijia 1867>BC Kardiya 800>TC Kardiya 800.【Conclusion】The BC mode significantly improves the VC content and sugar-acid ratio of tomatoes,enhances their taste quality and shortens the planting cycle,making it a potential application in the northern Xinjiang region.The Trough cultivation mode was beneficial to increase tomato yield and Lycopene content,the average yield of 2 tomato varieties is 158.3 t/hm^(2),which has reached the higher yield level among the greenhouse tomato with stronger potential for promotion and application in desert and Gobi facility agriculture.

作者马如海黄春燕崔辉梅郑越辉方圆王登伟 MA Ruhai;HUANG Chunyan;CUI Huimei;ZHENG Yuehui;FANG Yuan;WANG Dengwei(Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用重点实验室

出处《新疆农业科学》北大核心 2025年第4期903-910,共8页 Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基金新疆生产建设兵团财政重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2021AB018) 石河子大学成果转化与技术推广计划项目(CGZH202004)。

关键词番茄黄沙基质栽培方式产量品质 tomato yellow sand substrate planting mode yield quality

分类号 S641.2 [农业科学—蔬菜学]

作者简介马如海(1997-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为黄沙基质番茄栽培,(E-mail)1607957913@qq.com;通信作者:王登伟(1966-),男,河北枣强人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为沙漠农业,(E-mail)1601451052@qq.com。