摘要
兴安盟地理位置特殊,交通条件复杂,为外来物种传入创造了便利条件。为加强防范外来植物入侵、降低入侵风险,文章采用数据收集和实地踏查相结合的方法对兴安盟外来植物的物种组成、入侵途径和入侵风险进行分析。结果表明:截至2024年,兴安盟外来入侵植物有13科29属35种,其中菊科(Compositae)植物种数占比最大,为28.57%;从生活型看,一年生草本植物占比77.14%;从入侵途径看,无意引进的植物占比54.29%;外来植物原产地以北美洲和欧洲为主;从入侵风险等级看,除了已逸生的白花草木樨(Melilotus albus)之外,入侵风险较低(C级)的植物种类较多,占比52.94%。文章总结了兴安盟外来植物管理存在的问题,并提出加强宣传教育、加大研究投入、推动研究成果转化、构建系统的外来植物入侵传播阻断体系等对策,为防范生态安全风险、筑牢祖国北疆生态安全屏障提供保障。
Hinggan League has a unique geographical location and complex transportation conditions,which facilitate the introduction of alien species.To enhance the prevention of alien plant invasions and reduce the risk of invasion,this study analyzed the species composition,invasion pathways,and invasion risks of alien plants in Hinggan League using a combination of data collection and field surveys.The results showed that,as of 2024,there were 35 species of alien invasive plants in Hinggan League,belonging to 13 families and 29 genera.The family Compositae had the highest proportion of species(28.57%).In terms of life forms,annual herbaceous plants accounted for 77.14%.Regarding invasion pathways,plants introduced unintentionally accounted for 54.29%.The main regions of origin for these alien plants were North America and Europe.In terms of invasion risk levels,aside from the naturalized Melilotus albus,most species(52.94%)were classified as low-risk(Grade C).This study summarized the existing problems in the management of alien plants in Hinggan League and proposed countermeasures such as strengthening publicity and education,increasing research investment,promoting the application of research results,and establishing a systematic alien plant invasion and spread interruption system.These measures aim to prevent ecological security risks and consolidate the ecological security barrier of northern China.
作者
道日那
巴特
赵天宇
刘洋
刘大伟
Daorina;Bate;ZHAO Tianyu;LIU Yang;LIU Dawei(Hinggan League Forestry and Grassland Supervision and Guarantee Center,Ulanhot,Inner Mongolia,137400,China;Hinggan League Institute of Forestry Research,Ulanhot,Inner Mongolia,137400,China;Hinggan League Forest and Grassland Fire Prevention Station,Ulanhot,Inner Mongolia,137400,China)
出处
《内蒙古林业调查设计》
2025年第3期22-27,共6页
Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design
关键词
外来入侵植物
入侵风险等级
黄花刺茄
入侵途径
alien invasive plants
invasion risk level
Solanum rostratum
invasion pathways
作者简介
道日那(1990-),男(蒙古族),内蒙古兴安盟人,大学本科;通信作者:巴特(1992-),男(蒙古族),河北故城人,林业工程师,E-mail:305226763@qq.com。
