摘要
为探讨不同生化黄腐酸(BFA)用量对苏打盐碱土改良效果及玉米生长的影响机制,采用盆栽试验,以内蒙古自治区典型苏打盐碱土为供试土壤,玉米东单181为供试品种,设置4个BFA用量梯度(0 g/kg,CK;2 g/kg,FA2;4 g/kg,FA4;8 g/kg,FA8),研究不同BFA用量对土壤养分、微生物多样性、玉米耐盐性及生物量等指标的影响。结果表明,相较于CK处理,土壤pH值随BFA用量的增加而降低,土壤有效磷含量在施用BFA后出现显著提高,但FA2、FA4、FA8这3种处理之间在播种后30,62,80 d差异不显著。土壤含盐量随着BFA用量增加而提高,增幅为23.30%~89.32%。土壤交换性钾含量随BFA用量增加而提高,而交换性钙含量逐步下降。土壤中<0.053 mm的粉黏粒组分在FA2、FA4、FA8处理下,分别较CK处理降低了6.49,9.92,13.97百分点,0.053~0.250 mm团聚体比例分别增加了5.90,8.99,13.75百分点,0.250~2.000 mm粒径团聚体比例分别增加了0.55,0.87,0.21百分点,>2.000 mm粒径团聚体比例分别增加了0.04,0.06,0.01百分点。土壤微生物多样性在施用BFA后较CK处理明显提高,但FA8处理低于FA4处理。玉米地上、地下部钠钾比在FA2、FA4处理下均小于CK,而FA8处理提高了玉米地上部钠钾比。FA2、FA4处理玉米在生长中后期生物量有显著增加,而FA8处理下生物量显著下降。综合来看,施用2 g/kg或4 g/kg生化黄腐酸对降低苏打盐碱土碱性,提高土壤有效磷含量,改善土壤结构,提高土壤微生物多样性和提高玉米耐盐性与生物量具有积极作用,超出此用量范围会显著提高土壤含盐量,抑制玉米生长。
To investigate the effects of different dosages of biochemical fulvic acid(BFA)on the improvement of soda saline-alkali soil and the response mechanism of maize growth,a pot experiment was conducted using soda saline-alkali soil from Inner Mongolia as the test soil and maize Dongdan 181 as the test variety.Four BFA application rates were set as 0(CK),2(FA2),4(FA4),8 g/kg(FA8).Soil nutrients,microbial diversity,maize salt tolerance,biomass,and other indicators were measured.The results showed that compared to the CK,soil pH decreased with increasing BFA dosage.The soil available phosphorus content increased significantly after the application of BFA,but there was no significant difference among the three treatments of FA2,FA4 and FA8 at 30,62 and 80 days after sowing.Soil salinity increased with the increase of BFA dosage,with an increase of 23.30%—89.32%.Soil exchangeable potassium content increased with increasing BFA dosage,while exchangeable calcium content gradually decreased.The proportion of<0.053 mm silt and clay fractions in the soil decreased by 6.49,9.92 and 13.97 percentage points under FA2,FA4,and FA8 treatments,respectively,compared to the CK treatment.Meanwhile,the proportion of 0.053—0.250 mm aggregates increased by 5.90,8.99 and 13.75 percentage points,the proportion of 0.250—2.000 mm aggregates increased by 0.55,0.87 and 0.21 percentage points,while the proportion of>2.000 mm aggregates increased by 0.04,0.06 and 0.01 percentage points,respectively,under the FA2,FA4,and FA8 treatments relative to the CK.Soil microbial diversity was significantly higher than that of CK after the application of BFA,but the FA8 treatment was lower than the FA4 treatment.The Na^(+)/K^(+)ratio in both shoots and roots of maize was lower under FA2 and FA4 treatments than under the CK treatment,while the FA8 treatment increased the Na^(+)/K^(+)ratio in the shoots.Maize biomass significantly increased in the mid-to-late growth stages under FA2 and FA4 treatments,while biomass significantly decreased under the FA8 treatment.In summary,the application of 2 g/kg or 4 g/kg of biochemical fulvic acid can positively reduce the alkalinity of soda saline-alkali soil,increase the content of available phosphorus in the soil,improve soil structure,improve soil microbial diversity,and enhance maize salt tolerance and biomass.However,exceeding this dosage range will significantly increase soil salinity and inhibit maize growth.
作者
洪煜
陈硕桐
高放
颜鹏
齐学元
宓文海
HONG Yu;CHEN Shuotong;GAO Fang;YAN Peng;QI Xueyuan;MI Wenhai(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期114-123,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关项目(2023C02019)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0251,2022YFSH0025)
鄂尔多斯应用技术学院矿山地质与环境院士专家工作站开放课题项目(20230ITYSZJGZZ-003)。
关键词
玉米
盐碱土改良
生化黄腐酸
高通量测序
钠钾比
耐盐性
Corn
Saline-alkali soil improvement
Biochemical fulvic acid
High-throughput sequencing
Na^(+)/K^(+)
Salt tolerance
作者简介
洪煜(1997-),男,江苏泰州人,硕士,主要从事土壤改良研究;通信作者:宓文海(1988-),男,山东青岛人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事养分资源管理研究。
