摘要
【目的】旨在探索生活污泥与化肥配合施用对土壤-作物体系养分循环的影响,以及污泥作为有机物料替代化肥的潜力和可行性。【方法】选择经过堆肥和干化处理后的典型生活污泥为原料,设计7个处理:不施肥(CK)、常规化肥(CF),以及污泥分别替代25%(S1)、50%(S2)、75%(S3)、100%(S4)和125%(S5)的化肥氮,开展小麦-水稻盆栽轮作试验。【结果】与化肥相比,生活污泥的施用显著提高了土壤肥力。尤其是在25%污泥替代处理下,作物对氮、磷、钾的总吸收量达到最高;并且,作物中的重金属浓度最低,符合国家食品安全标准,表明25%的替代比例是安全的肥料替代方案。如果该替代比例在全国2800多个县全面推广,预计84%的县能够完全利用生活污泥资源。【结论】为保障农产品的数量和质量安全,并推进化肥减量化行动,生活污泥可等氮替代25%的化肥氮作为有机物料。但是,生活污泥的合理利用需与严格的污水分类管理和污泥成分检测相结合,以有效降低重金属等有害物质带来的环境健康风险。
【Objective】This study investigates the synergistic effects of co-applying composted domestic sludge and chemical fertilizers on soil nutrient cycling dynamics and agroecosystem sustainability,while evaluating the feasibility of sludge-derived organic amendments as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers.【Method】A completely randomized pot experiment was conducted under a wheat-rice rotation system,comprising seven treatments:no chemical fertilizer(CK),sole chemical fertilizer(CF),and incremental substitution(25%-125%)of chemical nitrogen with composted sludge(S1-S5).The sludge underwent advanced anaerobic digestion with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment to ensure pathogen inactivation and organic pollutant degradation.【Result】The highest nutrient uptake(nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium)by crops was observed at the 25%substitution level(S1),while heavy metal concentrations in crops remained below national food safety thresholds.This indicates that replacing 25%for chemical nitrogen fertilizers with domestic sludge compost is both safe and effective.If adopted nationwide,it is estimated that over 84%of China's 2800 counties could fully utilize domestic sludge resources.【Conclusion】Replacing 25%of chemical nitrogen fertilizers with composted domestic sludge offers a practical strategy to maintain agricultural productivity while reducing synthetic fertilizer use.However,to mitigate environmental and health risks(e.g.,heavy metal contamination),effective sludge utilization requires strict source separation of wastewater,comprehensive sludge composition testing,and adherence to safety regulations.
作者
魏家乐
林相君
王静
罗容富
邓欧平
邓良基
WEI Jiale;LIN Xiangjun;WANG Jing;LUO Rongfu;DENG Ouping;DENG Liangji(College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;East China Normal University,School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200241,China;Sichuan Land Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,China)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期677-687,共11页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
四川省科技计划项目(25NSFJQ0136)
国家自然科学基金(42361144855)
四川省国际合作计划(2020YFH0163)。
关键词
生活污泥
土壤肥力
作物产量
重金属
composting domestic sludge
soil fertility
crop yield
heavy metal
作者简介
共同第一作者:魏家乐,硕士研究生,E-mail:1135581585@qq.com;共同第一作者:林相君,硕士研究生,E-mail:xiangjun0112@126.com;邓良基,教授,责任作者,主要从事土壤学、土地资源学研究,E-mail:auh6@sicau.edu.cn。
