摘要
【目的】为探究互叶白千层精油对烟草赤星病的防治效果及其作用机制。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)制备互叶白千层精油并对其进行成分鉴定,通过生长速率法、离体叶片试验和盆栽防病试验测定互叶白千层精油对链格孢菌的抑制作用和烟草赤星病的防效。【结果】提取的互叶白千层精油主要成分为松油烯-4-醇(Terpinen-4-ol),相对含量约46%,对链格孢菌的抑制作用呈浓度依赖性,最高抑制率达78.14%~80.22%,可致其菌丝生长异常,且具有广谱抗性;离体防效试验表明,经8 mg/mL的互叶白千层精油处理的叶片,整个叶片呈绿色,背面无链格孢菌丝生长,防效为71.2%;室内盆栽试验结果显示:8 mg/mL的互叶白千层精油叶面喷施烟草幼苗后,可以有效降低烟草赤星病的病情指数,对烟草赤星病的防治效果为65.3%,较40%菌核净500倍稀释液防效(48.6%)增加了34.4%,防效显著。【结论】互叶白千层精油对烟草赤星病的防治具有一定的应用潜力,可在大田逐步推广使用。
[Objective]This research was conducted to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of the essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia on tobacco brown spot as well as its mechanism of action.[Method]The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia was prepared by steam distillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and its components were identified.Then,the inhibitory effect of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil on Alternaria alternata and the control effect on tobacco brown spot were determined through the growth rate method,vitro leaf experiment,and potted disease prevention experiment.[Result]The experimental results indicated that:the main component of the essential oil extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia in this study was Terpinen-4-ol,with a relative content of about 46%.The inhibitory effect on Alternaria alternata was concentration dependent,with the highest inhibition rate reaching 78.14%-80.22%,which could cause abnormal hyphal growth and had broad-spectrum resistance.The vitro leaf experiment showed that the leaves treated with 8 mg/mL of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil were green in color,with no growth of Alternaria alternata on the back,and the control effect was 71.2%.The results of indoor pot experiments showed that foliar spraying of 8 mg/mL of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil on tobacco seedlings could effectively reduce the disease index of tobacco brown spot,with a control effect of 65.3%on tobacco brown spot,an increase of 34.4%compared to that of 40%net 500 fold dilution(48.6%),and the control effect was significant.[Conclusion]The above results indicate that the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia has certain potential for the application in the prevention and control of tobacco brown spot,and can be promoted and used in the field.
作者
邓全
刘东阳
刘挺
冯佳
王杰
DENG Quan;LIU Dongyang;LIU Ting;FENG Jia;WANG Jie(Liangshan Prefecture Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Xichang,Sichuan 615000,China;Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China)
出处
《生物灾害科学》
2025年第2期267-272,共6页
Biological Disaster Science
基金
中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202101057(LS-17)]
四川省烟草公司凉山州公司科技项目。
关键词
互叶白千层
植物精油
链格孢菌
烟草赤星病
防效
Melaleuca alternifolia
essential oil
Alternaria alternata
tobacco brown spot
control effect
作者简介
邓全(1986-),男,农艺师,主要从事烟草栽培、植保技术的研究,39151403@qq.com;通信作者:刘挺,高级农艺师,12832185@qq.com。
