摘要
目前国家正在大力推进老旧小区更新改造,由于老旧小区普遍存在管网老化和设计落后的问题,导致洪涝问题频发,因此以上海市某个包含别墅与高层公寓的老旧小区为例,介绍了小区目前的情况和存在的问题,构建了研究区的SWMM模型,评估现状及传统强排改造后的排水状况。结合NSGA-2算法,生成了5个基于5年一遇降雨情景的Pareto最优解方案,并利用改进型TOPSIS法进行进一步的综合效益评估。主要结论包括:传统强排方案在重现期增大时改善效果受限,验证了LID设施与智能算法协同应用的必要性;通过Pareto解集分析发现,溢流削减率与全生命周期成本、占地面积成非线性正相关,当溢流削减率达到75%时全生命周期成本、占地面积增幅显著;采用极值点筛选法和拥挤度原则,提取了5个典型优化方案,其中方案5(全生命周期成本2288万元,占地面积39766 m^(2),溢流削减率77.01%)展现出最优综合效益。该研究为上海老旧小区改造中的LID设施布局优化提供了系统性解决方案,具有一定的参考价值和推广潜力。
At present,the renewal and reconstruction of old neighborhoods is vigorously promoted in China.Flooding problems are frequent due to the aging pipe network and outdated design commonly found in old neighborhoods.An old neighborhood containing villas and high-rise apartments in Shanghai is taken as an example,the current situation and the problems are described and a storm water management model(SWMM)of the study area is constructed to assess the current status and the drainage condition after the traditional forced-drainage renovation.Leveraging the NSGA-2 algorithm,five Pareto optimal solutions under a 5-year rainfall recurrence scenario are generated,followed by comprehensive evaluation using an enhanced TOPSIS method.Key findings reveal that traditional pump drainage exhibits limited effectiveness with increasing recurrence periods,necessitating integrated application of LID facilities and intelligent algorithms;Pareto front analysis demonstrates a nonlinear positive correlation between overflow reduction rates and life-cycle costs/land area.When the overflow reduction rate is 75%,the increase of the cost and landare significant;Five representative schemes are identified through extremum screening method and crowding distance principles,among which Scheme 5(life-cycle cost of 22.88 million yuan,land area of 39766 m^(2),overflow reduction rate of 77.01%)demonstrates the optimal comprehensive benefits.This research provides a systematic solution for optimizing low impact development(LID)facility layouts of old communities in Shanghai,with valuable references and promotion potential.
作者
蒋逸恺
张阳
袁文麒
王林森
舒诗湖
JIANG Yikai;ZHANG Yang;YUAN Wenqi;WANG Linsen;SHU Shihu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Yunshui Engineering Design Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201700,China;Shanghai Huishui Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《市政技术》
2025年第6期237-247,共11页
Journal of Municipal Technology
关键词
老旧小区
内涝
SWMM
LID
NSGA-2
改进型TOPSIS法
old neighborhoods
waterlogging
storm water management model(SWMM)
low impact development(LID)
NSGA-2
enhanced TOPSIS method
作者简介
蒋逸恺,男,在读硕士研究生,主要研究方向为排水管网模拟,E-mail:jyk1999@sina.cn;通讯作者:舒诗湖,男,教授,博士,主要研究方向为给排水管网系统模拟与优化,E-mail:shushihu@dhu.edu.cn;张阳,女,在读博士研究生,主要研究方向为排水管网系统模拟与优化;袁文麒,男,高级工程师,博士,主要从事市政排水设计工作;王林森,男,工程师,硕士,主要从事给排水行业咨询和软件开发工作。
