摘要
“双碳”时代背景下,电炉短流程炼钢工艺被视为一种有效的降碳技术路线,全球范围内已开始进一步扩大电炉炼钢产能。对全球电炉钢生产力布局进行研究发现,根据主要国家电炉钢产量高低,可划分为5个梯队;生产力布局受到贸易流通、能源条件、经济发展、技术创新、环保政策和市场需求6个因素影响。对中国现有210余家具有电炉装备的企业进行分析发现,接近200家企业布局在“胡焕庸线”东侧,生产力布局主要呈现资源供给、能源依托、绿色导向和集团模式4个特点,存在同一区域内短流程企业与长流程企业相比成本竞争力弱、区域内企业产品同质化严重、绿色环保优势不足等问题。基于中国电炉钢生产力布局现状,提出对现有生产力布局的4个优化方向,给出未来生产力布局的2个发展趋势,从区位、产能和时间对电炉钢生产力布局进行了展望,需做好存量和增量电炉钢的管理,充分发挥电炉钢在钢铁行业绿色低碳转型发展过程中的关键作用。建议适度发展电炉短流程炼钢时,不能孤立地做决策,需综合判断不同时期发展电炉钢生产力布局的策略。
Under the background of the"dual carbon"era,the EAF mini mill steelmaking process is regarded as an effective carbon reduction technical route.More and more EAF steelmaking capacity has been further expanded in the world.The study on the global layout of EAF steel production capacity reveals that according to the output of EAF steel in major countries,which can be divided into five echelons.The layout of production capacity is affected by six factors,which are trade circulation,energy conditions,economic development,technological innovation,environmental protection policies,and market demand in the world.The analysis of more than 210existing enterprises with EAF equipment in China shows that nearly 200enterprises are located on the east side of the"Hu Line".The layout of production capacity mainly presents four characteristics,which are resource supply,energy reliance,green orientation,and group model.There are problems such as weak cost competitiveness of short-process enterprises compared to long-process enterprises in the same region,serious product homogeneity among enterprises in the region,and insufficient green environmental protection advantages.Based on the current status of the layout of EAF steel production capacity in China,four optimization directions for the existing layout are proposed,along with two development trends for future layouts.The layout of EAF steel production capacity is prospected from aspects of location,production capacity and time.It is essential to manage both the existing and incremental EAF steel capacity well to fully utilize the crucial role of EAF steel in the green and low-carbon transformation and development of the steel industry.It is suggested that the development of EAF mini mill steelmaking process should not be decided in isolation.A comprehensive judgment should be made on the strategies for the layout of EAF steel production capacity in different periods.
作者
李新宇
林严
苏步新
LI Xinyu;LIN Yan;SU Buxin(Department of Industry Research,The Metallurgical Sub-Council of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade,Beijing 100711,China;Department of Industry Research,Metallurgical Center for International Exchange and Cooperation,Beijing 100711,China)
出处
《中国冶金》
北大核心
2025年第5期22-32,74,共12页
China Metallurgy
关键词
电炉钢
生产力布局
影响因素
优化方向
发展趋势
EAF steel
production capacity layout
influence factor
optimization direction
development tendency
作者简介
李新宇(1991-),男,硕士,高级工程师,E-mail:lixy@mcchina.org.cn。
