摘要
为了探明秦淮河微塑料的赋存水平、分布特征和潜在来源,分别采用现场采样、预处理、显微红外光谱测定、微塑料多样性指数和冗余分析等方法进行微塑料的收集、处理、鉴定和分析。结果表明:秦淮河微塑料平均丰度为(7 600±600)个/m^(3),枯水期微塑料丰度高于丰水期,形状以纤维状居多,尺寸以0.1~0.5 mm为主,颜色以透明居多,成分以聚乙烯和聚丙烯为主;形状丰富度在入江河口处最为显著,颜色丰富度在远离市区的水体中呈现沿河逐渐减少的趋势。氨氮与丰度之间存在显著相关性;常规水质指标不是影响粒径分布的关键因素;总磷与颜色之间存在极显著相关性。秦淮河纤维状微塑料主要来源于洗衣废水的排放、一次性口罩的生产和使用,颗粒状微塑料主要来源于日化用品的使用,碎片状微塑料主要来源于食品、药品包装等塑料废弃物的裂解,薄膜状微塑料主要来源于农用地膜和一次性塑料制品的使用。
In order to investigate the presence levels, distribution characteristics, and potential sources ofmicroplastics in the Qinhuai River, field sampling, pre⁃treatment, microspectroscopic infraredmeasurement, microplastic diversity index, and redundancy analysis methods were employed to collect,process, identify, and analyze microplastics. The results showed that the average microplastic abundance inthe Qinhuai River was (7 600±600) m^(-3), with higher abundance during the dry season compared to the wetseason. The shapes were predominantly fibrous, with sizes mainly ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Transparentmicroplastics were the most common, with polyethylene and polypropylene being the predominant materials.Shape diversity was most significant at the river mouth entering the Yangtze River, while color diversityshowed a decreasing trend along the river, with lower values further away from the urban area. A significantcorrelation was found between ammonia nitrogen levels and microplastic abundance. Conventional waterquality indicators were not key factors affecting particle size distribution, while total phosphorus had a verysignificant correlation with color. Fibrous microplastics in the Qinhuai River mainly originated from thelaundry wastewater discharge and the production and use of disposable masks. Particulate microplastics mainly came from daily chemical products. Fragment⁃shaped microplastics mainly came from thedegradation of plastic waste such as food and pharmaceutical packaging. Film⁃like microplastics mainlycame from agricultural plastic films and disposable plastic products.
作者
黄栋
王鑫
蒋姬坤
蔡高明
徐宁
HUANG Dong;WANG Xin;JIANG Jikun;CAI Gaoming;XU Ning(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China)
出处
《南京工业大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第3期328-335,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
微塑料
城市河流
表层水体
污染特征
来源解析
microplastic
urban rivers
surface water body
pollution characteristics
source analysis
作者简介
黄栋(1998-),男,E⁃mail:1411631154@qq.com;联系人:徐宁,教授,E⁃mail:xuning@njtech.edu.cn.
