摘要
[目的]探明日光温室夜间土壤放热引起地面以下土壤温度降低的幅度和深度,计算不同深度土壤的储热能力,为日光温室土壤加温深度确定以及加温效果研究提供理论基础。[方法]在山东济南的试验温室内,在东西长度中部和南北跨度中部的交叉处,选取地面以下距离地面0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.6 m为测点,分别设置温度传感器T_(0)、T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(5)和T_(6),在地面设置热流板H0;选取晴天和阴天06∶00至翌日06∶00的试验数据,对T_(0)变化引起的T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(5)和T_(6)变化进行定性分析,选用18∶00时至翌日06∶00时的试验数据,对T_(0)降低引起的T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(5)和T_(6)降低进行定量分析,显示不同深度土壤温度降低幅度,计算土壤放热深度和土壤温差积分;对地面放热强度H0进行积分运算,计算土壤放热量,计算土壤储热能力。[结果]土壤温差随着深度增加急剧降低。晴天夜间土壤放热深度为0.25 m,土壤放热量为5.56×10^(5)J·m^(-2),0~0.25 m土壤储热能力为1.16×10^(6)J·m^(-3)·℃^(-1);阴天夜间土壤放热深度为0.67 m,土壤放热量为6.05×10^(5)J·m^(-2),其中0~0.30 m放热量占到总放热量的83.33%,0~0.67 m土壤储热能力为2.52×10^(6)J·m^(-3)·℃^(-1)。[结论]夜间放热时土壤温差随着深度降低急剧减少。土壤放热量集中在0~0.3 m区域,土壤加温深度设置在0~0.3 m较为适宜。深层土壤储热能力远大于浅层土壤,温室土壤加温对浅层土壤加温效果明显。
[Objective]To find out the amplitude and depth of soil temperature reduction below the ground caused by heat-releasing from soil in solar greenhouse at night,to calculate the heat storage capacity of soil at different depths,and to provide theoretical guidance for determination of soil heating depth and study on heating effect.[Methods]This study was carried out in test greenhouse in Jinan,Shandong province,at the intersection of the middle of east-west length and the middle of north-south span,0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.6 m below the ground was selected as the measuring point,temperature sensors T_(0),T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),T_(5),T_(6) was set respectively on the point,and the heat flow plate H0 was set on the ground.Selecting the test data from 6∶00 to next 6∶00 on the sunny day and cloudy day to qualitatively analyze the changes of T_(0),T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),T_(5),T_(6) caused by T0 changes and the test data from 18∶00 to next 6∶00 to quantitatively analyze the decrease of T_(0),T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),T_(5),T_(6) caused by T0 decrease,to show soil temperature reduction amplitude at different depths,to calculate soil exothermic depth and soil temperature difference integral;the heat release intensity H0 was integrated to calculate heat-releasing volume,and then to calculate heat storage capacity of the soil.[Results]The study showed:the soil temperature difference decreased sharply with increasing depth.on sunny day night the depth of releasing heat was 0.25 m,and the heat-releasing volume was 5.56×10^(5) J·m^(-2),and heat storage capacity between 0~0.25 m was 1.16×10^(6) J·m^(-3)·℃-1;on cloudy day night the depth of releasing heat was 0.67 m,and the heat-releasing volume was 6.05×10^(5) J·m^(-2) and 83.33%of which was released from 0~0.3 m soil,and heat storage capacity between 0~0.67 m soil was 2.52×10^(6) J·m^(-3)·℃-1.[Conclusion]The results showed soil temperature difference decreased sharply with the depth at night.Heat releasing volume was concentrated in 0~0.3 m area in this test,heating soil in this area could affect nighttime air temperature in the greenhouse.The heat storage capacity of deep soil was much greater than that of shallow soil,and in this greenhouse the heating effect of shallow soil was obvious.
作者
张传坤
温丹
刘波
赵旭
韩玉娟
宋计平
杨宁
王晓
ZHANG Chuankun;WEN Dan;LIU Bo;ZHAO Xu;HAN Yujuan;SONG Jiping;YANG Ning;WANG Xiao(Institute of Vegetables/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Huang Huai Protected Horticulture Engineering/Shandong Key Laboratory of Bulk Open-field Vegetable Breeding,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期42-50,共9页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2024A07)。
关键词
日光温室
土壤温差
储热能力
放热量
加温深度
solar greenhouse
soil temperature difference
heat storage capacity
heat-releasing volume
heating depth
作者简介
第一作者:张传坤(1972-),男,博士,研究员,从事设施传热与环境调控及日光温室能源利用研究,E-mail:zhangchuankun@sina.com。
