摘要
为探究微电场强化潜流湿地系统对污染物的去除机制及电极层结构优化策略,解决北方地区矿井水含盐量高和微生物作用受限等技术难题,本研究通过在不同电极层填充悬浮填料与锰砂构建了3种不同电极层构型(阳极层改良型、阴极层改良型、双电极层改良型)的电场强化湿地装置及传统湿地对照组,系统探究了电压梯度(1~8 V)、电极层结构、填料类型等参数对模拟矿井水处理效果的影响机制。结果表明:①复合填料较单一填料对污染物去除效果更好,并且施加直流电场能显著提升潜流湿地的净化性能。②双电极层改良型湿地(6号)在3~4 V工况下表现最优,对CODMn、TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TP的去除率分别达90%、68%、98%、67%,较传统湿地提高15%~35%,电导降低率提高15%±2%。③空间分布特征显示,不同电极层对污染物的去除具有差异,阳极区主导CODMn、TP、NH_(4)^(+)-N和盐分的氧化,阴极区承担NO_(3)^(−)-N还原,而TN去除依赖阳极硝化与阴极反硝化的协同作用。④向潜流湿地施加微电场并于阳极区添加悬浮填料有助于延长DO停留时间和提高DO浓度,进而提高好氧微生物活性。研究显示,向湿地施加直流微电场并优化电极层能够有效提高湿地对矿井水的处理效果,具有较高性价比。
To investigate pollutant removal mechanisms and optimize electrode layer configuration in micro-electric field-enhanced subsurface flow wetlands,this study addresses technical challenges in northern mine water treatment,including elevated salinity levels and restricted microbial activity.Three electrode layer configurations(anode-modified,cathode-modified,and dual-electrode-modified)with suspended fillers and manganese sand,alongside a conventional wetland control system were employed.The effects of voltage gradient(1-8 V),electrode layer structure,and filler type on mine water treatment efficiency were systematically investigated.The results reveal that:(1)The composite filler substrates exhibit higher pollutant removal efficiency than single fillers,and the application of a direct current(DC)electric field significantly improves the purification capacity of subsurface flow wetlands.(2)The dual-electrode-modified device(No.6)performs best at 3-4 V,with removal rates of CODMn,TN,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP reaching 90%,68%,98%and 67%respectively,which is 15%-35%percentage points higher than that of traditional wetlands,and the reduction rate of conductivity is increased by 15%±2%.(3)Spatial distribution analysis reveals distinct pollutant removal efficiencies across electrode layers.The anode area is mainly responsible for the oxidation of CODMn,TP,NH_(4)^(+)-N and salt,while the cathode area is mainly responsible for the reduction of NO_(3)^(−)-N.The removal of TN depends on the synergistic interaction of nitrification in the anode and denitrification in the cathode.(4)The application of low-voltage electric fields to subsurface flow wetlands,combined with suspended fillers in the anode zone,effectively extends dissolved oxygen(DO)retention time,increases DO concentration,and enhances aerobic microbial activity.The study demonstrates that applying a direct current micro-electric field combined with optimized electrode-layer configurations significantly enhances the treatment efficiency of constructed wetlands for mine water,thereby providing a cost-effective remediation strategy.
作者
史宏程
刘来胜
李志华
SHI Hongcheng;LIU Laisheng;LI Zhihua(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi´an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi´an 710055,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期1289-1299,共11页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
科技兴蒙行动重点专项(No.2022EEDSKJXM005-02)
中央部门预算项目库区维护和管理基金“三峡工程运行安全综合监测系统”(No.2136703)。
关键词
人工湿地
微电场
矿井水
基质
电场
电极层结构
constructed wetland
micro-electric field
mine water
substrate
electric field
electrode layer structure
作者简介
史宏程(2000-),男,陕西渭南人,15991296577@126.com;刘来胜(1980-),男,责任作者,山东济宁人,正高级工程师,博士,主要从事农村供水排水处理研究,liuls112@126.com。
