摘要
【目的】为文冠果苗木更新复壮和丰产栽培提供技术参考。【方法】以2年生文冠果为试材,采用完全随机区组设计,分别设定5种平茬高度处理:5 cm(A)、10 cm(B)、15 cm(C)、20 cm(D),以不平茬为对照(CK),测定文冠果的地径、株高、根长、根平均直径、根表面积、根体积、根生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量、叶片面积、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率,统计叶片数量,计算补偿生长指数、水分利用效率、潜在水分利用效率,并采用相关性分析、主成分分析等方法对文冠果苗木生长指标及光合特性进行了综合评价。【结果】平茬能够显著提高苗木的复壮能力,地径和株高均在A处理下达到最大值;平茬后根长、根平均直径、根表面积、根体积、根生物量迅速增加,A处理下各根系特征指标值均显著高于CK;平茬处理下茎生物量、叶生物量、叶片数量、叶片面积均高于CK,其中A处理的各指标值均最大,分别比CK增加215%、31%、75%、71%;不同平茬高度处理的文冠果苗均发生超补偿生长现象,其中平茬高度5 cm处理的株高补偿指数(1.18)和生物量补偿指数(1.59)显著高于CK,表明平茬高度5 cm处理可较好地促进文冠果苗地上部分的快速生长;A处理较CK叶绿素含量显著提高15%,其他处理与CK无显著差异;净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率在A处理下达到最大,较CK分别显著提高了17.51%、23.81%、21.59%和28.62%。通过主成分分析将17个指标简化为4个主成分,累计贡献率为84.220%。【结论】平茬处理可以促进文冠果苗木生长,提高光合能力,其中以平茬高度5 cm处理的表现最优。
【Objective】Provide technical references for the renewal and rejuvenation of the Xanthoceras sorbifolium seedlings and the cultivation for high yield and good production.【Method】Two-year-old X.sorbifolium seedlings were used as test materials in a completely randomized block design.Set 5 kinds of stubble height treatment:5 cm(A),10 cm(B),15 cm(C),20 cm(D),with uneven crop as control(CK).Measurements included ground diameter,plant height,root length and mean root diameter,root surface area and volume,root and stem biomass,leaf biomass and number,leaf area,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate,and compensatory growth index,water use efficiency,and potential water use efficiency were calculated.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the growth index and photosynthetic characteristics of the X.sorbifolium seedlings.【Result】Plain stubble could significantly improve seedling rejuvenation ability.Both ground diameter and plant height reached the maximum value under treatment A.Root length,mean diameter,root surface area,root volume and root biomass increased rapidly after plain stubble,and the root characteristic index values under treatment A were significantly higher than CK.Stem biomass,leaf biomass,leaf number and leaf area under plain stubble treatment were higher than CK,and the indices of treatment A were the largest,which were 215%,31%,75%and 71%higher than CK,respectively.The overcompensated growth phenomenon occurred in the seedlings with different stubble heights,and the compensation index of plant height(1.18)and biomass compensation index(1.59)of 5 cm stubble height were significantly higher than CK,indicating that 5 cm stubble height could better promote the rapid growth of the above-ground part of the seedlings.The chlorophyll content of treatment A was significantly increased by 15%compared with CK,and there was no significant difference between other treatments and CK.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and water use efficiency reached the maximum in treatment A,and were significantly increased by 17.51%,23.81%,21.59%and 28.62%compared with CK,respectively.Through principal component analysis,the 17 indicators were simplified into 4 principal components,and the cumulative contribution rate was 84.220%.【Conclusion】Plain stubble treatment can promote the growth and photosynthetic capacity of the X.sorbifolium seedlings,among which the best performance is 5 cm height.
作者
杨柳
李思琪
付庆新
姚丽杰
洪新
张海旺
YANG Liu;LI Siqi;FU Qingxin;YAO Lijie;HONG Xin;ZHANG Haiwang(Institute of Agriculture and Forestry in Arid Areas of Liaoning Province,Chaoyang 122000,Liaoning,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2025年第2期43-51,共9页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
辽宁省农业科学院旱地特色经济林学科建设计划资助项目(2024XKJS5236)
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(辽〔2022〕TG 19号)
辽宁省林业和草原局依托国家林草局科技创新平台研发项目(LLC〔2023〕21)。
关键词
文冠果
平茬
生长指标
叶绿素含量
光合特性
Xanthoceras sorbifolium
stump
growth index
chlorophyll content
photosynthetic characteristics
作者简介
第一作者:杨柳,1810500645@qq.com,工程师,硕士;通信作者:张海旺,zhanghaiwang204@126.com,高级工程师,硕士。
