摘要
【目的】探讨不同强度林火干扰对喀斯特地貌区马尾松林下植被物种多样性特征及其生物量的影响,并分析这两者之间的关系,对于推动喀斯特地区马尾松林生态系统的火后恢复与可持续经营策略的制定具有重要意义。【方法】采用典型样地调查法,以贵州省惠水县不同程度林火干扰后的马尾松林为研究对象,选择未受林火干扰的林分作为对照样地,对马尾松林下植被群落的物种多样性及生物量进行研究。【结果】1)受中度林火干扰的林分物种数最多,物种随林火干扰程度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势;2)受中等程度林火干扰的林分灌木与草本层,Shanonn-Wiener多样性指数与Margalef丰富度指数显著高于未过火林分(P<0.05),受重度林火干扰的林分草本层Simpson优势度指数与Pielou均匀度呈下降的趋势;3)不同程度林火干扰下马尾松林下植被群落稳定性表现为轻度>中度>重度>未过火;4)受不同程度林火干扰林分短期恢复后群落的地上生物量均呈下降的趋势;5)短期恢复过程中马尾松林下灌木、草本中多样性指数与地上生物量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05),其中Shanonn-Wiener多样性指数与Margalef丰富度指数的相关系数较高。【结论】林火干扰后林分短期恢复过程中,轻度与中度的林火干扰具有一定的生态效益,可增加林下植被群落的物种多样性和稳定性,林火干扰会导致森林生产力的下降。在修复火烧迹地时,通过改善林分的环境条件,增加物种多样性与群落的稳定性,对喀斯特地区而言,受林火干扰后快速恢复森林的生态效益尤其是水土保持至关重要。
【Objective】It is of great significance to explore the effects of different intensities of forest fire disturbance on the species diversity characteristics and biomass of understory vegetation in Pinus massoniana in karst landform area,and to analyze the relationship between the two,so as to promote the post-fire restoration and sustainable management strategy of P.massoniana forest ecosystem in karst area.【Method】Using the typical plot survey method,this study targeted P.massoniana forests affected by varying degrees of fire disturbance in Huishui County,Guizhou Province,with undisturbed stands selected as control plots.The species diversity and biomass of understory vegetation communities in these forests were systematically investigated.【Result】The results showed that:1)The number of species in the stand with moderate forest fire disturbance was the largest,and the species increased first and then decreased with the increase of forest fire disturbance;2)The Shanonn-Wiener diversity index and Margalef richness index of the shrub and herb layer of the stand disturbed by moderate forest fire were significantly higher than those of the unburned stand(P<0.05),while the Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness of the herbaceous layer of the stand disturbed by severe forest fire showed a decreasing trend;3)The stability of the understory vegetation community of P.massoniana forest under different degrees of forest fire disturbance was mild>moderate>severe>not overfired;4)The aboveground biomass of the community showed a downward trend after the short-term recovery of the stand disturbed by different degrees of forest fire;5)During the short-term recovery process,there was a significant negative correlation(P<0.05)between the diversity index of understory shrubs and herbaceous plants of P.massoniana and aboveground biomass,with a higher correlation coefficient between the Shannon Wiener diversity index and the Margalef richness index.【Conclusion】During the short-term restoration process of forest stands after forest fire disturbance,mild and moderate forest fire disturbance has certain ecological benefits,which can increase the species diversity and stability of understory vegetation communities.Forest fire disturbance lead to a decrease in forest productivity.When repairing burnt areas,improving the environmental conditions of forest stands,increasing species diversity and community stability,is crucial for the rapid restoration of ecological benefits,especially soil and water conservation in karst areas after being disturbed by forest fires.
作者
秦川
丁波
吕元亚
杨榕
安服
魏兴洪
朱禄鸿
张运林
QIN Chuan;DING Bo;LYU Yuanya;YANG Rong;AN Fu;WEI Xinghong;ZHU Luhong;ZHANG Yunlin(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;School of Biological Sciences,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Fire Ecology and Management,Department of Education of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期67-77,共11页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2022〕249)
贵州省教育厅林火生态与管理重点实验室(黔教技〔2022〕051)
贵州师范学院博士项目(校2024054)共同资助。
关键词
马尾松
喀斯特
火烧迹地
植被恢复
物种多样性
生物量
Pinus massoniana
karst
burned grounds
vegetation restoration
species diversity
biomass
作者简介
第一作者:秦川(Qinchuan123@163.com),硕士研究生;通信作者:丁波(gs.bding@163.com),教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
