摘要
本文首次利用云南哀牢山国家级自然保护区南华县片区(以下简称:辖区)3块山顶次生常绿阔叶林植物群落样地的调查数据,分析了辖区海拔2400~2600 m区间山顶次生常绿阔叶林植物群落的物种组成、结构特征及物种多样性。结果表明;辖区山顶次生林植物群落样地内记录到60科101属148种,其中蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、壳斗科、菊科、菝葜科、禾本科、山茶科、樟科为群落主要组成科,悬钩子属、冬青属、菝葜属、柯属、杜鹃花属等为群落主要组成属。元江锥、马缨杜鹃、云南越桔为乔木层优势种;无量山箭竹为灌木层优势种;沿阶草、云雾薹草为草本层优势种;亮叶崖豆藤、毛狭叶崖爬藤、粗糙菝葜、筐条菝葜为层间层优势种。辖区山顶次生常绿阔叶林植物群落各层物种多样性指数总体呈现为草本层的>层间层的>乔木层的>灌木层的。此次调查结果发现,辖区山顶区域次生常绿阔叶林群落结构不稳定,物种多样性不高,生态环境较为脆弱,同时受到外来物种的入侵和人为活动的干扰,保护区需加大人为活动的管控,减少人类活动对辖区森林生态系统稳定性及物种多样性的影响。
The survey data of plant communities from 3 mountaintop plots of secondary evergreen broadleaf forests in Nanhua County of Ailao Mountain Nature Reserve were applied to analyze species composition,structural characteristics and species diversity of these communities at elevations of 2400 to 2600 meters.The results indicated that there were 148 species,belonging to 60 families,101 genera in this region.The community mainly consisted of families such as Rosaceae,Ericaceae,Fagaceae,Asteraceae,Smilacaceae,Poaceae,Theaceae,Lauraceae,and main genus included Rubus,Ilex,Smilax,Lithocarpus and Rhododendron.In the tree layer of mountaintop community,Castanopsis orthacantha,Rhododendron delavayi and Vaccinium duclouxii were the dominant species,and Fargesia wuliangshanensis was the dominant species in the shrub layer,and herbaceous layer was dominated by Ophiopogon bodinieri,Carex nubigena.The interlayer dominant species consisted of Callerya nitida,Tetrastigma serrulatum var.puberulum,Smilax lebrunii and Smilax corbularia.The species diversity index of each layer presented in order herbaceous layer>interlayer>tree layer>shrub layer.It is concluded that the plant community structure at the mountaintop area within the jurisdiction is unstable with low species diversity and a relatively fragile ecological environment.The area is also affected by invasive alien species(e.g.,Ageratina adenophora)and human-induced disturbances(e.g.,overgrazing).It is imperative for the reserve bureau to enhance human activity regulations to mitigate the adverse impacts of anthropogenic activities on the stability and species diversity of the forest ecosystem.
作者
高文俊
尹存全
张衍
王志萍
魏靖琳
李根会
GAO Wen-jun;ZHANG Yan;YIN Cun-quan;WANG Zhi-ping;WEI Jing-lin;LI Gen-hui(Chuxiong Administration and Conservation Bureau of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000;People's Government of Ejia Town,Shuangbai,Yunnan 675107)
出处
《陕西林业科技》
2025年第3期80-85,共6页
Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
关键词
哀牢山
次生常绿阔叶林
群落结构
物种多样性
Ailao Mountains
secondary evergreen broadleaf forest
community structure
species diversity
作者简介
高文俊,林业工程师,主要从事保护区保护与管理工作。E-mail:1371431683@qq.com;通信作者:李根会。
