摘要
目的分析肺炎患者的痰液细菌培养结果及耐药性,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法将2022年4月至2024年2月,在山西省中西医结合医院接受诊疗的肺炎患者463例纳入本次研究,所有患者均行痰液细菌培养,分析痰液细菌培养结果与耐药情况,为抗菌药物应用的合理性奠定基础。结果分析463例肺炎患者的痰液培养结果发现,分离出的病原菌共计526株,革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌分别为336株和190株。其中革兰阴性菌中占比最高的菌株为肺炎克雷伯菌14.8%(78株),其次为卡他莫拉菌,占比为12.9%(68株);革兰阳性菌中占比最高的菌株为肺炎链球菌13.1%(69株),其次为金黄色葡萄球菌,占比为11.4%(60株)。肺炎克雷伯菌对红霉素的耐药率最高:92.8%,其次为苄青霉素91.3%;对替考拉宁、万古霉素和利奈唑胺的敏感率最高:100%,其次为厄他培南98.6%和亚胺培南97.1%。肺炎链球菌对氨苄西林的耐药率为100%;对厄他培南的敏感率最高98.7%,其次为阿米卡星和亚胺培南,均为96.2%。结论肺炎链球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌是导致肺炎患者发病的主要致病菌,对临床常用抗菌药物产生的耐药性程度不一,治疗过程中应根据实际情况选择适用的抗菌药物品类,以加快患者的康复进程。
Objective To analyze the bacterial culture results and drug resistance of sputum in patients with pneumonia,and to provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods From April 2022 to February 2024,463 patients with pneumonia who received diagnosis and treatment in Shanxi Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were included in this study.All patients underwent sputum bacterial culture,and the results of sputum bacterial culture and drug resistance were analyzed to lay a foundation for the rationality of antimicrobial application.Results The sputum culture results of 463 patients with pneumonia showed that a total of 526 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,336 strains of gram-negative bacteria and 190 strains of gram-positive bacteria.Among the gram-negative strains,Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for the highest proportion of 14.8%(78 strains),followed by Moraxella kataxella(12.9%)(68 strains).The highest proportion of gram-positive bacteria was Streptococcus pneumoniae(13.1%)(69 strains),followed by Staphylococcus aureus(11.4%)(60 strains).The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to erythromycin was the highest:92.8%,followed by benzylpenicillin 91.3%.The sensitivity rate to teicolanin,vancomycin and linezolid was the highest(100%),followed by ertapenem 98.6%and imipenem 97.1%.The resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to ampicillin was 100%.The sensitivity rate to ertapenem was the highest in 98.7%,followed by amikacin and imipenem(96.2%).Conclusion Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the main pathogens causing pneumonia patients,and the degree of resistance to commonly used clinical antibiotics is different.In the course of treatment,appropriate antibacterial drugs should be selected according to the actual situation to speed up the recovery process of patients.
作者
贾迪舜
Jia Dishun(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine,Taiyuan 030013,China)
出处
《实用医技杂志》
2025年第5期387-391,共5页
Journal of Practical Medical Techniques
关键词
肺炎
痰液
细菌培养
耐药性
Pneumonia
Sputum
Bacterial culture
Drug resistance
