摘要
本研究旨在综合应用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)和模糊综合评价方法对9种农副产品开展反刍动物饲料营养价值评定。饲料原料被分为秕壳类(稻壳、花生壳和高粱壳)、秸秆类(辣椒秸、豆秸和玉米秸)和豆皮类(大豆皮、豌豆皮和绿豆皮)3类,通过常规营养成分分析及CNCPS指标测定,依据公式计算饲料样品中蛋白质和碳水化合物的CNCPS各组分含量,分析其在动物体内的消化利用情况,最后结合模糊数学方法求出CNCPS各指标的隶属函数值,对饲料的综合营养价值进行排序。结果表明:1)从CNCPS蛋白质组分来看,秕壳类饲料粗蛋白质(CP)含量普遍较低,且不可降解蛋白质(PC)含量高,蛋白质营养价值低;豆皮类饲料CP含量高且PC含量低,蛋白质营养价值较优;秸秆类饲料中玉米秸真蛋白质(PB)含量高,辣椒秸非蛋白氮(PA)含量高。2)从CNCPS碳水化合物组分来看,豌豆皮和绿豆皮中的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量高,其中绿豆皮中的NSC以快速降解碳水化合物(CA)为主,而豌豆皮则以中速降解碳水化合物(CB_1)为主;玉米秸、大豆皮和高粱壳慢速降解碳水化合物(CB_(2))含量高,纤维的可消化性好;稻壳、花生壳和辣椒秸中不可降解碳水化合物(CC)含量高,营养价值低。由此可知,CNCPS方法更加精细地划分了饲料的营养成分,可以更为准确地反映出反刍动物对饲料的消化利用情况,使得评定结果更具参考价值;模糊综合评价法对9种饲料综合营养价值排序结果为豌豆皮>绿豆皮>大豆皮>玉米秸>豆秸>高粱壳>辣椒秸>花生壳>稻壳。
This study aimed to comprehensively assess the nutritional values of 9 kinds of agricultural by-products for ruminant feeds using Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system(CNCPS)and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The feed raw materials were divided into three categories as chaff husks(rice husk,peanut husk and sorghum husk),straws(pepper straw,bean straw and corn straw)and bean hulls(soybean hull,pea hull and mung bean hull).Firstly,the conventional nutrients and CNCPS indices were measured,and the protein and carbohydrate components of CNCPS were calculated then;secondly,the digestion and utilization of feeds in vivo were analyzed;and finally,the membership function values of each CNCPS indices were calculated using fuzzy mathematical method,and the comprehensive nutritional values of feeds were ranked.The results showed as follows:1)from the perspective of CNCPS protein components,the crude protein(CP)content in chaff husk feeds was generally low,and they also had a high non-degradable protein(PC)content,which resulted in poor protein nutrition;the bean hull feeds had a high CP content and low PC content,which indicated superior protein nutrition;the corn straw had a high true protein(PB)content,while the peeper straw had a high non-protein nitrogen(PA)content among straw feeds.2)From the perspective of CNCPS carbohydrate components,both pea hull and mung bean hull had a high non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)content,and the NSC in mung bean hull was dominated by fast-rapidly degraded carbohydrate(CA),while in pea hull was primarily composed of moderate-rapidly degraded carbohydrate(CB 1);the corn straw,soybean hull and sorghum husk all had a high slow-rapidly degraded carbohydrate(CB 2)content which indicated higher fiber digestibility;while the rice husk,peanut husk and peeper straw all had a high non-degradable carbohydrate(CC)which resulted in low nutritional value.The research shows that the CNCPS can provide a more refined analysis of feed nutrients,which can more accurately reflect the digestion and utilization of feeds by ruminants.The ranking of nutritional values of feeds is as follows:pea hull>mung bean hull>soybean hull>corn straw>bean straw>sorghum husk>peeper straw>peanut husk>rice husk.
作者
涂远璐
汤海江
张凯
白云峰
TU Yuanlu;TANG Haijiang;ZHANG Kai;BAI Yunfeng(Institute of Animal Science,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Pizhou Xiaohe Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221300,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期3455-3465,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2100602)
江苏省自主创新基金项目[CX(23)3080]。
关键词
CNCPS
营养价值
隶属函数
非常规饲料
CNCPS
nutritional values
membership function
unconventional feeds
作者简介
涂远璐(1983-),女,江西南昌人,助理研究员,硕士,从事家畜营养与生态研究。E-mail:121663004@qq.com;通信作者:白云峰,研究员,硕士生导师,E-mail:blinkeye@126.com。
