摘要
[目的]探究不同初始含水率和雨强对红壤大团聚体溅蚀特征和溅蚀过程的影响,为理解和防控红壤大团聚体溅蚀过程提供科学依据。[方法]选取红壤大团聚体(2~5 mm)为研究对象,通过人工模拟降雨试验,探讨4个雨强(30,60,90,140 mm/h)和4个初始含水率(10%,20%,30%、饱和)下团聚体溅蚀量和溅蚀率的变化规律。[结果]①相同初始含水率下,红壤大团聚体溅蚀量在4个雨强下的变化范围分别是0.05~0.27,0.03~0.19,0.16~1.41和0.03~1.48 g。②相同雨强下,饱和初始含水率下的团聚体溅蚀量均显著增大(p<0.05)。③在4个雨强下,饱和初始含水率下的团聚体溅蚀量相较于非饱和初始含水率下(10%,20%和30%)的溅蚀量总和分别增大1.50,1.11,3.80,3.21倍。④初始含水率、雨强及其交互作用对团聚体溅蚀量均产生直接正向影响,效应值分别为0.646,0.415,0.361。[结论]在20%初始含水率下,雨强增大对红壤大团聚体溅蚀作用不明显。在其他初始含水率条件下,红壤大团聚体的溅蚀量对雨强变化敏感,在强降雨(90 mm/h)或极端暴雨(140 mm/h)条件下更易受到溅蚀作用的影响。相同雨强下,饱和初始含水率会加剧溅蚀作用的发生和强度。红壤大团聚体溅蚀量与初始含水率和雨强间呈良好的幂函数关系,初始含水率是影响溅蚀量的关键因素。
[Objective]The effects of different initial moisture content and rainfall intensities on the splashing characteristics and processes of red soil macro-aggregates were explored,in order to provide a scientific basis for understanding and preventing the splash erosion process of red soil macro-aggregates.[Methods]Red soil macro-aggregates(2—5 mm)were selected for study.Artificially simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to explore the variation patterns of splash erosion and splash erosion rate with four rainfall intensities(30,60,90,and 140 mm/h)and four initial moisture content levels of moisture content(10%,20%,30%,and saturation).[Results]①Under the same initial moisture content,the ranges of splash erosion amount for macro-aggregates of red soil at four different rainfall intensities were from 0.05 to 0.27 g,from 0.03 to 0.19 g,from 0.16 to 1.41 g,and from 0.03 to 1.48 g.②At the same rainfall intensity,the splash erosion of the aggregates under saturated initial moisture conditions all increased significantly(p<0.05).③At the four rainfall intensities,the splash erosion of the aggregates under saturated initial moisture conditions increased by 1.50,1.11,3.80,3.21 times,respectively,compared to the sum of the splash erosion under unsaturated initial moisture conditions(10%,20%,and 30%).④The initial moisture content,rainfall intensity,and their interaction all exerted direct positive effects on the splash erosion of the aggregates,with effect sizes of 0.646,0.415,and 0.361,respectively.[Conclusion]At an initial moisture content of 20%,an increase in rainfall intensity did not significantly impact the splash erosion of red soil macro-aggregates.Under other initial moisture content conditions,the splash erosion of the red soil macro-aggregates was sensitive to changes in rainfall intensity at the same initial moisture content.Macro-aggregates of red soil were more susceptible to the impact of splash erosion under heavy rainfall(90 mm/h)or extreme rainfall(140 mm/h).At the same rainfall intensity,the saturated initial moisture content increased the occurrence and severity of splash erosion.The initial moisture content and rainfall intensity showed significant,positive correlations with changes in red soil macro-aggregates.Additionally,the initial moisture content was a key factor influencing splash erosion.
作者
黄子轩
黄钰涵
韦娟
陈峰庭
谭青芳
常志勇
黄有萍
刘伟燕
王乐涵
Huang Zixuan;Huang Yuhan;Wei Juan;Chen Fengting;Tan Qingfang;Chang Zhiyong;Huang Youping;Liu Weiyan;Wang Lehan(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Guangxi Vocational College of Water Resources and Electric Power,Nanning,Guangxi 530023,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
北大核心
2025年第2期30-37,共8页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金“不同前期含水量下地表糙度对红壤坡面流水动力特性的影响机制”(42207389)。
关键词
极端暴雨
饱和含水率
红壤
团聚体
溅蚀量
extreme rainstorm
saturated moisture content
red soil
aggregates
splash erosion
作者简介
第一作者:黄子轩(2000-),女(瑶族),广西壮族自治区桂林市恭城县人,硕士研究生。研究方向为恢复生态学。Email:2330408683@qq.com;通信作者:黄钰涵(1992-),女(汉族),贵州省毕节市大方县人,博士,副教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀机理、土壤水文与水土保持方面的研究。Email:huangyuhan0710@foxmail.com。
