摘要
[目的]东山湾和浮头湾是福建省南部沿海古雷半岛两侧的海湾,古雷半岛石化基地的生产和东山湾漳州核电站的建设可能对两侧海湾生态环境产生影响.为评估两个海湾大型底栖动物群落分布特征和生态健康状况,2020年春季和秋季在东山湾和浮头湾潮下带进行大型底栖动物调查.[方法]运用方差分析法、聚类分析法、非参数多变量排序法对东山湾和浮头湾潮下带大型底栖动物的物种数、栖息密度、生物量、多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J)、丰富度指数(d)、ATZI海洋生物指数(AMBI)和多变量AMBI(M-AMBI)8种群落参数进行分析,并运用相对重要性指数(IRI)分析了两个海湾、湾内和湾口的大型底栖动物优势种.[结果]方差分析表明,东山湾潮下带大型底栖动物栖息密度表现为湾内显著低于湾口(P<0.05),而J为湾内显著高于湾口(P<0.05);浮头湾潮下带大型底栖动物物种数、H′、d和M-AMBI均为湾内显著低于湾口(P<0.05).聚类和多变量排序法分析表明东山湾和浮头湾潮下带大型底栖动物有两个主要群落,第一个主要群落秋季取样站占比高,第二个主要群落春季取样站占比高.IRI分析表明东山湾和浮头湾的优势种存在季节和海区差异.3种生物指数(H′、AMBI和M-AMBI)的平均值均表明两个海湾春秋两季均处于受轻度扰动状态,浮头湾湾口的生态健康状态优于湾内.[结论]无论是春季还是秋季,浮头湾潮下带大型底栖动物的物种数、H′、d和M-AMBI湾内均显著低于湾口(P<0.05).东山湾和浮头湾大型底栖动物群落处于受轻度扰动状态,浮头湾湾口的生态健康状态优于浮头湾湾内.
[Objective]Dongshan Bay and Futou Bay are located on both sides of Gulei Peninsula along the coast of southern Fujian Province.The development of the Gulei Peninsula petrochemical base and the construction of Dongshanwan Zhangzhou nuclear power plant may have an impact on the ecological environment of both bays.In recent years,the dismantling of the Bachimen seawall and several aquaculture cages in Dongshan Bay has taken place,and the effectiveness of ecological restoration needs to be evaluated.To assess the distribution characteristics and ecological health status of macrobenthos communities in the two bays,macrobenthos surveys were conducted in the subtidal zones of Dongshan Bay and Futou Bay in the spring and autumn of 2020.[Methods]Eight parameters of the macrobenthos community were analyzed,including species number,density,biomass,diversity index(H′),evenness index(J),richness index(d),ATZI marine biological index(AMBI)and multivariate AMBI(M-AMBI).These parameters were analyzed by variance analysis,cluster analysis and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling(nMDS)analysis.The dominant species in the macrobenthos communities of the two bays,including the inner bay and estuarine zones,were analyzed using the relative importance index(IRI).[Results]Analysis of variance showed no significant difference between Dongshan Bay and Futou Bay in the eight community parameters of benthic macrofauna:species number,density,biomass,H′,J,d,AMBI,and M-AMBI.In Dongshan Bay,macrobenthos density in the inner bay was significantly lower than that in the estuary(P<0.05),while J value in the inner bay was significantly higher than that in the estuary(P<0.05).In Futou Bay,species number,H′,d and M-AMBI in the inner bay were all significantly lower than those in the estuary(P<0.05).Cluster and nMDS analysis indicated the presence of two main macrobenthos communities in the subtidal zone of both bays.The first community had a higher proportion of sampling stations in autumn,while the second community had a higher proportion of sampling stations in spring.The IRI analysis showed seasonal and spatial variations in the dominant species of Dongshan Bay and Futou Bay.In both bays,the first dominant species was Amaeana trilobata in spring,but in autumn,it was Notomastus latericeus and A.trilobata,respectively.The first dominant species in Futou Bay in spring and autumn is A.trilobata,but the first dominant species in the inner bay and bay estuary of Dongshan Bay,and the bay estuary of Futou Bay was different in spring and autumn.The average values of the three biological indices(H′,AMBI and M-AMBI)showed that both bays were in a slightly disturbed state in both seasons,with the estuary of Futou Bay showing better ecological health than its inner bay.[Conclusion]In both spring and autumn,the number of macrozoobenthos species,H′,d and M-AMBI in the inner bay were significantly lower than those in the estuary of Futou Bay,while the multivariate marine biological index was significautly higher,indicating better ecological health in the estuary than the inner bay.These findings suggest that macrozoobenthos communities in Dongshan Bay and Futou Bay were in a slightly disturbed state,with the estuary of Futou Bay maintaining better ecological conditions than its inner bay.
作者
许贻斌
赵小雨
蔡立哲
XU Yibin;ZHAO Xiaoyu;CAI Lizhe(Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;College of the Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)
出处
《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第3期403-412,I0001,共11页
Journal of Xiamen University:Natural Science
基金
福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项(FJHY-ZYYH-2023-1-2)
福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2022R1013006)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1407501)。
关键词
大型底栖动物
生态健康评估
潮下带
东山湾
浮头湾
benthic macrofauna
ecological health assessment
subtidal zone
Dongshan Bay
Futou Bay
作者简介
通信作者:蔡立哲,cailizhe@xmu.edu.cn。
