摘要
气候变化和人类活动是草原退化的关键因素.随着草原保护政策的制定和人们保护意识的增强,草原退化趋势有所改善,但气候变化的作用机制尚不清楚.以内蒙古草原为研究区,自东向西选取19个典型样地,按照气温和降雨分布划分8个不同气候变化区域.通过2022年和2023年的实测植被和土壤特征并分析其变化规律,利用耦合协调度模型,分析不同气候区对草原植被-土壤的影响.结果表明,不同气候区,除了2022年土壤因子的全氮外,其余植被和土壤因子均存在显著性差异.在2022年,土壤全氮和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、丰富度指数和覆盖度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),在2023年,均匀度指数和土壤含水率、土壤pH、土壤有机碳和土壤全氮呈显著相关(P<0.05).2 a中年均降雨量(MAP):300~400 mm、年均温度(MAT):0~2℃气候区植被-土壤的耦合协调关系相对较好,但也属濒临失调发展模式,其他气候区则均为轻度或中度失调发展模式.通过研究气候变化对植被-土壤耦合的规律,不仅可以为草地恢复与管理提供科学和准确的理论依据,还可以预测未来气候变化对草原生态系统的潜在影响,从而提前制定应对措施.
Climate change and human activities are key factors in grassland degradation.The trend of grassland degradation has improved with the development of grassland conservation policies and the increase in the awareness of conservation;however,the mechanism of climate change remains unclear.The typical grassland of Inner Mongolia was used as the study area,and 19 typical sample plots were selected from east to west,and eight different climate change regions were divided according to the distribution of temperature and precipitation,which were mean annual rainfall(MAP):100-200 mm and mean annual temperature(MAT):2-4℃;MAP:200-300 mm MAT:0-2,2-4,and 4-6℃;and MAP:300-400 mm MAT:0-2,2-4,4-6,and 6-8℃.Through the measured vegetation and soil characteristics in 2022 and 2023 and analyzing their changing rules,an evaluation index system consisting of six vegetation factors and four soil factors was established to analyze the impact of different climate zones on grassland vegetation-soil.The results showed that in different climate zones,except for the total nitrogen of soil factor in 2022,significant differences were present in the vegetation and soil factors.In 2022,total soil nitrogen and Shannon-Wiener diversity index,richness index,and cover were significantly and positively correlated(P<0.05),and in 2023,evenness index and soil water content,soil pH,soil organic carbon,and total soil nitrogen were significantly correlated(P<0.05).In two years,the coupling and coordination relationship of vegetation-soil in MAP:300-400 mm and MAT:0-2℃climate zones was relatively good but also belonged to the endangered dysfunctional development mode,whereas all other climate zones were in the mild or moderate dysfunctional development modes.By studying the law of climate change on vegetation-soil coupling,we can not only provide scientific and accurate theoretical basis for grassland restoration and management but also predict the potential impact of future climate change on grassland ecosystems,so as to formulate countermeasures in advance.
作者
陈兴辉
张圣微
赵星宇
王帅
章骞
吕圣薇
CHEN Xing-hui;ZHANG Sheng-wei;ZHAO Xing-yu;WANG Shuai;ZHANG Qian;LÜSheng-wei(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization,Hohhot 010018,China)
出处
《环境科学》
北大核心
2025年第5期3033-3041,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52279017,52079063)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFDZ0050)
内蒙古自治区高校创新研究团队计划项目(NMGIRT2313)
“草原英才”创新团队项目。
关键词
内蒙古草原
气候条件
物种多样性
植被-土壤系统
耦合协调
Inner Mongolia grasslands
climatic conditions
species diversity
vegetation-soil systems
coupled coordination
作者简介
陈兴辉(2000-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为草地水文过程和生态环境效应,E-mail:2644187769@qq.com;通信作者:张圣微,E-mail:zsw@imau.edu.cn。
