摘要
为加深对激光增材制造铝合金及其复合材料成形过程的理解,本文采用热力耦合有限元模拟的方法,对不同激光工艺参数下,多道次激光熔覆过程中,铝合金及其复合材料内部温度场和应力场的分布状态进行了研究。结果表明,激光功率为260 W,扫描速率为600 mm/s,激光能量密度为120.37 J/mm时,熔池内峰值温度达到1 776.93℃,且随激光能量密度增加,峰值温度逐渐升高,熔池宽度和深度逐渐增大。受相邻激光熔池热传导影响,已凝固熔池边界区域温度升高至1 030℃,发生一次重熔,而熔池中心区域温度仅升高至300~450℃,未发生重熔。应力梯度范围随多道次加热而扩大,SiC/AlMgScZr复合材料热应力明显高于铝合金,高热裂倾向导致其成形困难。适当预热,缩小温度梯度,降低激光熔覆热应力,有助于减小复合材料激光成形开裂倾向。
To enhance the understanding of the laser additive manufacturing process for aluminum alloy and corresponding com-posites,a thermal coupling finite element simulation method was employed to investigate the temperature and stress field distri-butions within aluminum alloy and composites during multi-pass laser cladding under varying laser process parameters.The re-sults showed that when the laser power was 260 W,the scanning rate was 600 mm/s,and the laser energy density was 120.37 J mm-1,the peak temperature in the molten pool could reach 1776.93℃.Withtheincreaseofthelaserenergy densi-ty,the peak temperature gradually increased,and the width and depth of the molten pool gradually increased.Affected by the heat conduction of the adjacent laser melt pool,the temperature in the boundary area of the solidified melt pool would be raised to 1030℃,and aremeltingoccurred,whilethetemperaturein thecentral areaof themelt pool wasraised to 300~450℃,and no remelting occurred.The thermal stress of SiC/AIMgScZr composite was obviously higher than that of aluminum alloy,and the high thermal cracking tendency made the composites difficult to fabricate.Proper preheating,reducing the temperature gra-dient and reducing the thermal stress of laser cladding could be helpful to reduce the cracking tendency of laser forming compos-ites.
作者
马国楠
鲁仁义
张会华
赵文天
郭维敏
程英晔
张乐
陈越
Ma Guonan;Lu Renyi;Zhang Huihua;Zhao Wentian;Guo Weimin;Cheng Yingye;Zhang Le;Chen Yue(Ningbo Branch of Chinese Academy of Ordnance Science,Ningbo 315103,Zhejiang,China;Inner Mongolia Institute of Metal Materials,Baotou O14034,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《应用激光》
北大核心
2025年第3期13-23,共11页
Applied Laser
基金
宁波市自然科学基金(2022J318)
内蒙古自然科学基金青年项目(2022QN05023)
浙江省博士后择优资助项目(ZJ2022053)。
关键词
AlMgScZr合金
增材制造
温度场
应力场
有限元模拟
AIMgScZr alloy
additive manufacturing
temperature field
stress field
finite element simulation
作者简介
马国楠(1992-),男,博士,助理研究员。研究方向为激光增材制造铝基复合材料。E-mail:Ma_Guonan163.com。
