摘要
激光粉末床熔融(Laser Powder Bed Fusion,LPBF)是金属增材制造的一种成熟技术,具有成形精度高、零件致密度接近100%等优势,适用于制备复杂结构、小尺寸和高精度零件,已应用于航空航天、汽车、模具和医疗等领域。LPBF成形过程集成了从纳米、微米到宏观尺度下的复杂多物理与化学现象,属于极速冷却、微熔池的非平衡凝固行为,在成形过程中,温度、熔池尺寸等难以通过试验手段分析与测量,因此数值模拟是研究LPBF成形机理的重要手段。首先,总结了LPBF铺粉、打印和后处理过程中传热、传质、碰撞等典型物理和化学现象;其次,综述了LPBF成形过程中宏观力学数值模拟、粉末床离散元数值模拟、风场数值模拟、熔池介观数值模拟、微观组织数值模拟,以及结构优化数值模拟技术的研究现状及发展趋势。
Laser Powder Bed Fusion(LPBF)is a mature technology of metal additive manufacturing,with the advantages of high forming accuracy,parts density close to 100%,which is suitable for complex structure,small size and high precision parts.LPBF technology has been used in aerospace,automotive,mold and medical and other fields.LPBF forming process integrates complex multiple physical and chemical phenomena from nano and micrometer to micro scale.LPBF is the non-equilibrium freezing behavior of extreme speed cooling and micro melting pool.It is difficult to analyze and measure the temperature and melting pool size by experimental means during the forming process.The physical and chemical phenomena of heat transfer,mass transfer,and collision of LPBF process were introduced firstly.In additionally,the development trend of macroscopic mechanics,powder bed dispersion element,wind field,melting pool,microscopic organization and structure optimization in LPBF forming process were reviewed in this article.
作者
潘露
张恒华
刘桐
张成林
孙晓云
张梅
PAN Lu;ZHANG Henghua;LIU Tong;ZHANG Chenglin;SUN Xiaoyun;ZHANG Mei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Wuhu City Metal Matrix Composite Materials Laser Additive Manufacturing Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China;School of Engineering Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China)
基金
芜湖市重点研发与成果转化项目(20123yf106)
关键词
宏观模拟
离散元模拟
介观模拟
拓扑优化
粉末床熔融
macroscopic simulation
discrete element simulation
mesoscopic simulation
topological optimization
laser powder bed fusion
作者简介
通信作者:张梅,教授,博士生导师,主要从事先进金属材料研究,E-mail:zhangmei3721@mail.shu.edu.cn;通信作者:张恒华,教授,博士生导师,主要从事先进铝合金研究,E-mail:hhzhang@shu.edu.cn。
