摘要
为精确分析火箭发动机喷管烧蚀过程及准确预测喷管壁面的烧蚀率,基于FLUENT软件和自定义函数二次开发程序,建立考虑化学烧蚀、机械侵蚀和壁面退移的动态耦合模型,采用数值方法模拟喷管内的流动传热和烧蚀,分析了喷管内的流动、传热、烧蚀特性以及影响烧蚀的主要因素。模拟结果表明:喷管喉部上游区域烧蚀最为严重,第5s时,烧蚀率峰值为0.44mm·s^(-1);化学烧蚀是造成喷管烧蚀的主要原因,与喷管入口压力和温度正相关;辐射换热对烧蚀的影响主要体现在点火初期;机械侵蚀主要发生在喷管收敛段区域,与颗粒粒径和质量流量近似成正比,颗粒粒径为100μm时,机械侵蚀率峰值为0.04mm·s^(-1),粒径每增大25μm,机械侵蚀率峰值增加0.01~0.02mm·s^(-1),质量流量每增大0.2kg·s^(-1),机械侵蚀率峰值约增加0.015mm·s^(-1)。该研究可为固体火箭发动机喷管的热防护设计提供参考。
To accurately analyze the ablation process of the nozzle and predict the accurate ablation rate,a dynamically coupled model that integrates chemical ablation,mechanical erosion,and wall recession,based on FLUENT software and user defined functions,is developed in this paper.Numerical simulations were conducted to model the flow,heat transfer,and ablation within the nozzle,exploring the flow characteristics,heat transfer,ablation process,and the factors affecting ablation.The results indicated that the ablation was most severe in the upstream region of the nozzle throat,with the peak ablation rate reaching 0.44mm·s^(-1)at the 5th second.Chemical ablation was the primary factor causing nozzle ablation,and it was positively correlated with the inlet pressure and inlet temperature of the nozzle.The influence of radiative heat transfer on erosion was particularly noticeable during the initial ignition phase.Mechanical erosion primarily occurred in the converging section of the nozzle and was approximately proportional to the particle size and the mass flow rate.The peak value of mechanical erosion rate was 0.04mm·s^(-1)when the particle diameter was 100μm.Additionally,the peak mechanical erosion rate increased by 0.01 to 0.02mm·s^(-1)for every 25μm increase in particle diameter,and approximately 0.015mm·s^(-1)for every increase of 0.2kg·s^(-1)in mass flow rate.The research provides a reference basis for the thermal protection design of solid rocket engine nozzles.
作者
郭镇源
戴艳俊
王云刚
GUO Zhenyuan;DAI Yanjun;WANG Yungang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期21-31,共11页
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52276085)。
关键词
喷管
化学烧蚀
机械侵蚀
壁面退移
nozzle
chemical erosion
mechanical erosion
wall recession
作者简介
郭镇源(1999—),男,博士生;通信作者:戴艳俊,女,副教授,博士生导师。
