摘要
AI技术的普及与产业生态的完善在引发智能社会变革的同时,也使得AI幻觉成为社会技术治理过程中新的风险变量。当AI作出不符合其训练数据的自信反应或编造与现实无关的事实时,“幻觉”便会产生。技术过程论主张将技术形态视作一个“动态”的演变过程,可借助技术构思、技术发明与技术产业化三阶段的演化过程框架,分析AI幻觉生成的价值负荷问题。研究发现,随着技术形态的演进,逐步形成了以技术发明者、技术本体、用户个体以及企业组织等多元行动者共同组成的综合性价值负荷过程,而技术本体的自我价值负荷行为也在不断褫夺人的主体性,进而引发网络信息秩序、知识内容生产等方面的价值异化现象。伴随着对AI幻觉价值评判标准的日趋复杂化,我们亟需关注AI幻觉所衍生出的技术伦理问题,秉持怀疑的态度来审慎地开展技术实践,从而在人与技术价值共赋的动态过程中牢牢把握人的主体性价值。
The popularization of AI technology and the improvement of the industrial ecosystem,while triggering the transformation of the intelligent society,have also made AI hallucinations a new risk variable in the process of social technology governance.When AI makes confident responses that do not conform to its training data or fabricates facts irrelevant to reality,“hallucinations”occur.The technological process theory advocates viewing the technological form as a“dynamic”evolution process.This article uses the framework of the three-stage evolution process of technological conception,technological invention,and technological industrialization to analyze the value load problem of AI hallucinations.The research finds that as the technological form evolves,a comprehensive value load process composed of multiple actors such as technological inventors,technological entities,individual users,and enterprise organizations has gradually formed.Meanwhile,the self-value load behavior of technological entities is constantly depriving human subjectivity,thereby triggering value alienation phenomena in aspects such as network information order and knowledge content production.With the increasing complexity of the value judgment criteria for AI hallucinations,we urgently need to pay attention to the technical ethical issues derived from AI hallucinations,and conduct technological practices with a skeptical attitude to prudently grasp the value of human subjectivity in the dynamic process of co-assigning values between humans and technology.
作者
胡泳
王昱昊
Hu Yong;Wang Yuhao
出处
《南京社会科学》
北大核心
2025年第3期84-94,共11页
Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences
关键词
技术过程论
AI幻觉
多元价值负荷
主体性
technological process theory
AI hallucinations
multiple value loadings
human subjectivity
作者简介
胡泳,北京大学新闻与传播学院教授、博导;王昱昊,北京信息社会研究所研究员。
