摘要
鄢粉4号是以嫣红早花桃为母本、早甜桃为父本杂交选育出的观赏桃新品种。树势中等,开张型;节间中等;花枝绿具红斑纹;花芽数中等;花蕾粉色,长卵圆形;花型为梅花型;花径大小中等;萼片10枚;花粉色;花瓣长卵圆形;花瓣大小中等;重瓣;雄蕊与花瓣近等长;雌蕊1枚,柱头与花药近等长;花药橘红色;叶片绿色,披针形;叶面平展;果面绿白色,茸毛中;果实很大,圆形;核椭圆形,核纹数量中等;始花期3月5日左右,开花持续时间长。适应性强,喜光,忌涝,需冷量300~500 h。
Yanfen No.4 is a new ornamental peach cultivar developed by crossbreeding Yanhongzaohua peach as the female parent and Zaotian peach as the male parent.It was initially selected in 2013.Through artificial hybridization pollination,30 hybrid seeds was obtained.In March 2015,after the flowering of 20 seedlings,an excellent individual plant with specific performance was found.The initial flowering period of this individual plant was around March 5th,12 days earlier than the check variety Yanhongzaohua.The flower was pink and of high ornamental value.Subsequently,peach was used as the rootstock for grafting and propagation.In 2016,after the flowering of grafted seedlings,the phenotype features and phenological phases were observed and recorded.Through comparison,it was found that its traits were stable and consistent with the performance of the mother plant.After regional adaptability testing over five years from 2016 to 2020,it was finally selected in 2023.The tree is moderately open and has straight branches.The internodes are long with an average length of 1.6 cm.The flowers usually grow on short branches,with an average of 42 flowers per branch.It is easy to produce flowers,with moderate number of flower buds.The flower is plum-blossom-shaped and double petal,with an average diameter of 4.1 cm and an average number of 19 petals.The flower bud and the petals are all pink.There are 10 pieces of reddish brown sepals.The average number of filaments is 49.The anthers are tangerine with pollen.The stamens are almost of the same length as the petals.There is one pistil,which is almost the same length as the anthers.The leaves are green and lanceolate with flat surface.The peel is green-white with medium fuzz.The fruit is large and round.The stone is oval-shaped with moderate number of stone veins.In Xuchang of Henan province,the initial flowering period is on March 5^(th),12 days earlier than the check variety.The peak flowering period lasts from March 10^(th)to 20^(th),and the final flowering period is on early March 23th.The flowering period lasts for about 18 days.Yanfen No.4 is resistant to drought,cold and adversity.It has wide adaptability.It is suitable for planting in areas where the chilling requirement of 300-500 hours can be met.Grafting method is used for reproduction.Hard branch grafting can be used in early spring and bud grafting should be carried out before June 10^(th),using peach as the rootstock.It is suitable for planting at a space of 2 m×3 m or 2 m×3 m.In the early stage of pruning,the main focus is on cultivating tree shape,while in the later stage,the vigorous growth is controlled to promote flower bud differentiation.After rainfall or watering during the growing season,the soil should be plowed and loosened timely.The depth of tillage is 5 cm to 10 cm.Every autumn,base manure should be applied and the soil should be deeply plowed with a depth of 30 cm to 40 cm.Fertilizer should be applied once a year in May and July respectively.
作者
焦雪辉
王燕
郑红建
常志华
邢辉
昌孝涛
史喜兵
JIAO Xuehui;WANG Yan;ZHENG Hongjian;CHANG Zhihua;XING Hui;CHANG Xiaotao;SHI Xibing(Zhengzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450005,Henan,China;Changde Vocational Technology College,Changde 415000,Hunan,China;Xuchang Forestry and Horticulture Development Center,Xuchang 461000,Henan,China;Zhoukou Forestry Protection Center,Zhoukou 466000,Henan,China;Luoyang Forestry Ecological Construction and Development Center,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China)
出处
《果树学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期900-903,共4页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
中原学者工作站项目(ZYGZZ2022073)
2024年度河南省林业局科技兴林项目(YLK202410)
2024年度河南省乡村振兴科技计划项目。
关键词
观赏桃
新品种
鄢粉4号
Ornamental peach
New cultivar
Yanfen No.4
作者简介
焦雪辉,女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事园林植物育种及栽培技术研究。Tel:0371-67883781,E-mail:526807741@qq.com;通信作者:史喜兵.E-mail:madary@163.com。
