摘要
目的 分析中国1990-2021年疟疾疾病负担及变化趋势,以期为全球化背景下中国疟疾防控对策提供可行性依据。方法 基于2021年全球疾病负担(GBD 2021)研究数据,获取1990-2021年中国疟疾患病率、发病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)及其年龄标准化率等疾病负担数据,利用joinpoint模型分析疟疾疾病年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC)。结果 1990年中国全年龄段疟疾发病292 387例,患病787 611例,死亡997例,DALY绝对数64 233例,年龄标化发病率、患病率、死亡率、DALY率分别为24.48/10万、66.10/10万、0.08/10万、5.18/10万,各年龄标化率在1990-2021年均呈显著下降趋势(AAPC=-61.90%、-68.77%、-51.36%、-66.25%,均P<0.05)。1990-2021年中国男性发病数、患病数、死亡数每年均高于中国女性,但DALY绝对数随着年份的增长出现逐渐低于女性的情况。1990年中国各年龄组疟疾发病率以15~49岁组最高(29.06/10万),<5岁组最低(9.08/10万);患病率以5~14岁最高(89.90/10万),≥70岁组最低(59.17/10万);死亡率以≥70岁组为最高(0.09/10万),<5岁年龄组最低(0.05/10万),1990-2021年中国各年龄组指标下降幅度均为100.00%。结论 中国疟疾防控取得较好成就,但仍要注重男性、老年人群疟疾监测,做好自身防控工作时也需加强境外传染源监测,防止输入性病例再传播。
Objective To analyze the malaria disease burden and trends in China from 1990 to 2021,providing a feasibility basis for malaria prevention and control strategies in the context of globalization.Methods Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease(GBD 2021)study data,we obtained malaria prevalence,incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life years(DALY),and their age-standardized rates in China from 1990 to 2021.The Join point model was used to analyze the average annual percentage change(AAPC)in malaria disease over the years.Results In 1990,there were in total 292387 malaria cases,787611 prevalent cases,and 997 deaths in all age groups in China,with an absolute number of DALY of 64233.The age-standardized incidence,prevalence,mortality,and DALY rates were 24.48/100000,66.10/100000,0.08/100000,and 5.18/100000,respectively.All age-standardized rates showed a significant downward trend from 1990 to 2021(AAPC=-61.90%,-68.77%,-51.36%,and-66.25%,all P<0.05).From 1990 to 2021,the number of cases,prevalence,and deaths among males were consistently higher than those among females,although the absolute number of DALY gradually fell below that of females over the years.In 1990,the highest malaria incidence was observed in the 15 to 49 age group(29.06/100000),while the lowest was in the under-5 age group(9.08/100000).The highest prevalence occurred in the 5 to 14 age group(89.90/100000),and the lowest in those aged 70 and above(59.17/100000).The mortality rate was highest in those aged 70 and above(0.09/100000)and lowest in the under-5 age group(0.05/100000),with a 100.00%reduction in all age group indicators from 1990 to 2021.Conclusion China has made significant achievements in malaria prevention and control,but attention must still be given to monitoring malaria in males and the elderly.Strengthening surveillance of imported cases is essential to prevent re-transmission while improving domestic control efforts.
作者
姜雨淇
龙江
赵金华
邓萍
张阳
覃胜林
JIANG Yu-qin;LONG Jiang;ZHAO Jin-hua;DENG Ping;ZHANG Yang;QIN Sheng-lin(Department of Public Health,School of Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810001,China;不详)
出处
《现代预防医学》
北大核心
2025年第5期774-778,800,共6页
Modern Preventive Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金委员会项目(12371503)
2024年度国家公共卫生人才培养支持项目
“昆仑英才·高原名医”培养人才项目(青卫健办[2021]104号)。
作者简介
姜雨淇(2001-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学;共同通信作者:龙江,E-mail:68803648@qq.com;共同通信作者:赵金华,E-mail:99801973@qq.com。
