摘要
背景在我国高中普遍实施线上与线下混合式教学模式的背景下,了解高中生BMI、膳食知识掌握水平及静坐时长的改变十分必要,但目前尚缺乏聚焦三者间关系的多中心大样本研究。目的了解我国高中生的BMI、膳食知识掌握水平及静坐时长,并分析其影响因素,为促进高中生身心健康发展提供实证依据。方法于2019年1—3月,采用分层随机整群抽样法,在我国华东、华南、华北、华中、西北、西南、东北七大区的23个省份抽取6213名高一、高二学生为研究对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查,内容涉及学生的个人和家庭信息、BMI、膳食宝塔知识测试(DPKT)、静坐时长4部分。共回收有效问卷6038份,问卷有效回收率为98.35%。结果不同地区、省份、年级、家庭人口数、父亲学历高中生的BMI比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同地区、省份、家庭人口数、家庭年收入、父亲学历、母亲学历高中生的DPKT得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同地区、省份、城乡分布、年龄、家庭人口数、家庭年收入、父亲学历、母亲学历高年生的静坐时长比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示:BMI(β=-0.05)、静坐时长(β=0.07)、家庭人口数(β=0.03)、父亲学历(β=0.05)、家庭年收入(β=0.05)是高中生DPKT得分的影响因素(P<0.05),DPKT得分(β=0.07)、家庭人口数(β=-0.03)、父亲学历(β=0.04)是高中生静坐时长的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论整体而言,我国高中生的BMI处在参考范围内,但膳食知识掌握水平偏低、静坐时长偏长问题突出。膳食知识掌握水平与静坐时长互为最大影响因素,父亲学历是影响膳食知识掌握水平和静坐时长的主要社会因素。
Background In the context of the general implementation of online and offline blended teaching mode in China's high schools,it was necessary to understand the changes in body mass index(BMI),dietary knowledge acquisition level and sedentary time of high school students.However,there was a lack of multicenter,large-sample studies focusing on the relationship between the three.Objective To understand the BMI,dietary knowledge acquisition level and sedentary time of high school students in China,and to analyze their influencing factors,in order to provide empirical evidence for the promotion of physical and mental health development of high school students.Methods From January to March 2019,6213 high school freshmen and sophomores were selected as study subjects in 23 provinces in seven regions of China,namely east China,south China,north China,central China,northwest China,southwest China and northeast China,by using stratified random whole cluster sampling method.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct the survey,which involved 4 parts:students'personal and family information,BMI,dietary pagoda knowledge test(DPKT),and sedentary time.A total of 6038 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate of the questionnaires was 98.35%.Results Comparison of BMI among high school students with different regions,provinces,grades,number of family members,and father's education showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Comparison of DPKT among high school students with different regions,provinces,number of family members,annual income of the family,father's education,and mother's education showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Comparison of sedentary time among high school students with different regions,provinces,urban/rural distributions,age,family population,annual family income,father's education,mother's education,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicate that BMI(β=-0.05),sedentary time(β=0.07),family size(β=0.03),father's education level(β=0.05),and family income(β=0.05)were influencing factors of DPKT scores among high school students(P<0.05).Additionally,DPKT scores(β=0.07),family size(β=-0.03),and father's education level(β=0.04)were influencing factors of sedentary time among high school students(P<0.05).Conclusion The median BMI levels of high school students in urban and rural areas in seven regions of China were generally in the normal range,but the overall dietary knowledge acquisition level were low,and the problem of overall longer sedentary time was prominent.Dietary dietary knowledge acquisition level and sedentary time were the most influential factors on each other,and father's education was the main social factor influencing dietary DPKT score and sedentary time.
作者
景涛
戴永梅
罗健英
罗维
季烨林凡
彭驰
张翠军
曹彦俊
郑清
黄玉
沈鹤军
JING Tao;DAI Yongmei;LUO Jianying;LUO Wei;JI Yelinfan;PENG Chi;ZHANG Cuijun;CAO Yanjun;ZHENG Qing;HUANG Yu;SHEN Hejun(Department of Rehabilitation Therapy,School of Exercise and Health,Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China;Nutrition Department,Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital/Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210004,China;Clinical Nutrition Department,Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital/Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affilliated to Clinical Medical School,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225001,China;School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Nutrition Department,Baoying County Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Yangzhou 225800,China;Nutrition Department,Yangzhou Maternal and Child Care Service Centre,Yangzhou 225002,China;Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200434,China;Department of Physical Education Teaching and Research,Hanjiang High School of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225009,China;Department of Physical Education Teaching and Research,Liyang High School of Jiangsu Province,Liyang 213300,China;School of Physical Education and Humanities,Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China)
出处
《中国全科医学》
北大核心
2025年第16期2025-2032,共8页
Chinese General Practice
基金
国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学课题(BLA190212)。
关键词
学生保健服务
体质指数
膳食宝塔知识测试
静坐时长
影响因素研究
多中心研究
Student health services
Body mass index
Dietary pagoda knowledge test
Sedentary time
Root cause analysis
Multicenter study
作者简介
通信作者:沈鹤军,教授,E-mail:2282315862@qq.com。
