摘要
为了明确水稻利用药剂丸化包衣后对主要病虫害的防治效果及对产量的影响,为种子丸化包衣技术推广及应用提供技术支撑。在湿直播播种模式下,以常规拌种包衣和裸种播种作为对照,研究了种子处理药剂丸化包衣后对水稻出苗安全性、茎蘖动态、病虫害防效、缓释增效及产量的影响。结果表明,用三氟苯嘧啶、氯虫苯甲酰胺和噻呋酰胺丸化包衣水稻种子后,比拌种包衣和裸种处理出苗率分别提高2.25百分点和3.00百分点,田间出苗成苗数、分蘖数及最终有效穗数均显著高于对照处理;水稻种子药剂丸化包衣播种后45 d,对田间稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟和纹枯病的防效分别为84.29%、89.98%和90.86%,播种后76 d,对田间稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟和纹枯病的防效分别为85.24%、83.69%和81.69%,防效优于拌种包衣处理;播种后45 d药剂残留检测结果表明,丸化包衣处理后氯虫苯甲酰胺在水稻叶片中、三氟苯嘧啶和噻呋酰胺在水稻茎秆中分布量均显著高于拌种包衣处理,药剂利用率得到提升;水稻成熟时,丸化包衣处理田间有效穗达到384.0穗/m^(2),千粒重为28.96 g,实测产量达到9321.30 kg/hm^(2),单位面积有效穗数、千粒重及实测产量均显著高于裸种对照。因此,利用三氟苯嘧啶、氯虫苯甲酰胺和噻呋酰胺丸化包衣处理水稻种子,可显著提高种子出苗率、增加分蘖数,提升药剂利用率,增强对病虫害防治效果,且对水稻具有一定增产作用,可为水稻湿直播安全生产提供一条新的解决方案。
This study aimed to clarify the efficacy of rice seed pelleting agents for controlling key pests and enhancing yield,providing technical support for the promotion and application of seed pelleting technology.The impacts of seed pelleting agents on seedling emergence safety,stem and tiller dynamics,disease and pest insect control efficacy,slow-release synergistic effect and rice yield were investigated under wet direct seeding mode,with conventional seed dressing and bare seed sowing as controls.The results showed that pelleted rice seeds treated with triflumezopyrim,chlorphenamide and thifluzamide had an increased emergence rate by 2.25 percentage and 3.00 percentage compared to seed dressing and bare seeds,respectively.The number of emerged seedlings,tillers and final effective panicles of rice were significantly higher than those of the controls.45 days after sowing,the control efficacy against rice planthopper,rice leaf roller and rice sheath blight were 84.29%,89.98%and 90.86%,respectively,while 76 days after sowing,the control efficacy was 85.24%,83.69%and 81.69%.These results surpassed those of seed dressing treatment.Pesticide residue detection 45 days after sowing showed significantly higher levels of chlorantraniliprole in rice leaves,and triflumezopyrim and thifluzamide in rice stems in the pelleting treatment compared to seed dressing,indicating improved pesticide utilization.At maturity,the pelleting treatment resulted in an effective panicle count of 384.0 panicles/m^(2),a 1000-grain weight of 28.96 g,and a measured yield of 9321.30 kg/hm^(2),all significantly higher than those of the control.Therefore,rice seed pelleting with triflumezopyrim,chlorantraniliprole and thifluzamide can significantly enhance seedling emergence,increase tiller number,improve pesticide utilization,boost disease and pest control efficacy,and increase rice yield,which provides a new solution for safe production in wet direct-seeded rice systems.
作者
于居龙
张国
张新凤
朱阿秀
张海波
王晓琳
缪康
张建华
束兆林
姚克兵
YU Julong;ZHANG Guo;ZHANG Xinfeng;ZHU Axiu;ZHANG Haibo;WANG Xiaolin;MIAO Kang;ZHANG Jianhua;SHU Zhaolin;YAO Kebing(Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Area of Jiangsu Province,Zhenjiang 212400,China;Jiangsu Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Nanjing 210036,China)
出处
《植物保护》
北大核心
2025年第2期339-345,351,共8页
Plant Protection
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(22)3013]
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新项目(BE2022424)
镇江市科技计划碳达峰碳中和专项(CN2022002)
江苏省水稻产业技术体系[JATS(2023)283]。
关键词
湿直播
丸化包衣
种子包衣
防治效果
产量
wet direct seeding
seed pelleting
seed dressing
control efficacy
yield
作者简介
通信作者:姚克兵,E-mail:zjykb@163.com。
