历史与现代交融:南京博物院老大殿的美学与实用性探究

Fusion of History and Modernity:Aesthetic and Functional Exploration of the Main Hall at Nanjing Museum

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摘要南京博物院老大殿是国家级博物馆的重要核心建筑,始建于1933年,其设计融合了辽代传统建筑风格与现代建筑技术,体现了对历史建筑美学与现代实用功能的深度探索。老大殿以中轴对称、斗拱和庑殿顶等传统元素为基础,同时运用钢筋混凝土等现代材料,在保留文化象征意义的同时增强了结构安全性和适应性。近年来,通过整体顶升、隔震加固等修缮措施,建筑功能进一步优化,不仅有效提升了展览空间的灵活性,还为现代博物馆的多样化需求提供了支持。研究系统分析了老大殿在建筑历史、美学设计及功能性设计上的特征,重点探讨了其在历史建筑与现代技术结合中的协调实践。结果表明,老大殿通过合理的参观动线规划、展厅空间灵活分区及多功能公共服务设施的完善,显著优化了观众体验,增强了文化传播效能。同时,其在传统建筑元素与现代技术间的结合为实现建筑的耐久性与实用性提供了成功范例。研究结论为历史建筑保护、现代博物馆设计及文化空间优化提供了理论支持与实践启示,展示了文化传承与现代功能需求之间的平衡路径。 The Main Hall of the Nanjing Museum,a core building of the national museum,was constructed in 1933.Its design integrates traditional Liao Dynasty architectural styles with modern construction technologies,representing a profound exploration of historical architectural aesthetics and modern functional demands.The hall incorporates traditional elements such as axial symmetry,dougong brackets,and a hipped roof while employing modern materials like reinforced concrete,enhancing both structural safety and adaptability without compromising cultural symbolism.In recent years,measures such as comprehensive elevation and seismic reinforcement have further optimized the hall's functionality,improving spatial flexibility for exhibitions and addressing the diverse needs of a modern museum.This study systematically analyzes the hall's architectural history,aesthetic design,and functional attributes,focusing on its practice of harmonizing historical architecture with modern technology.The results reveal that the hall's well-planned visitor flow,flexible exhibition zoning,and enhanced public service facilities significantly improve visitor experience and cultural dissemination.Moreover,its successful integration of traditional architectural elements with modern technologies serves as a paradigm for durability and functionality in building design.The study provides theoretical support and practical insights for the preservation of historic buildings,contemporary museum design,and the optimization of cultural spaces,illustrating a balanced approach to cultural heritage and modern functional requirements.

作者庞婕妤楚小庆 PANG Jieyu;CHU Xiaoqing(Nanjing University of Technology Jiangsu;Nanjing Museum,Nanjing Jiangsu 211000)

机构地区南京工业大学建筑学院南京博物院东方艺术研究所

出处《内蒙古艺术学院学报》 2024年第4期118-124,共7页 Journal of Inner Mongolia Arts University

关键词南京博物院老大殿传统建筑美学现代建筑技术文化传承功能优化历史建筑修缮 Main Hall of Nanjing Museum Traditional Architectural Aesthetics Modern Construction Technology Cultural Heritage Functional Optimization Historic Building Preservation

分类号 J0 [艺术—艺术理论]

作者简介庞婕妤(2004-),女,江苏南京人,南京工业大学建筑学院,研究方向:历史建筑保护工程;楚小庆(1975-),男,山东聊城人,南通大学艺术学院教授,南京博物院东方艺术研究所副所长,研究员,编审,艺术学博士,研究方向:艺术学理论。