摘要
本研究以人工海水循环水养殖尾水为处理对象,比较了3个单质硫颗粒(S^(0))/牡蛎壳配比(5∶1、3∶1和1∶1)的硫自养反硝化(SAD)装置在5个水力负荷[HLR,0.19~0.95 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)]下的脱氮性能。结果显示,S^(0)/牡蛎壳为5∶1和3∶1装置的脱氮性能较优。HLR为0.19~0.48 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)时,不同HLR下及同一HLR下3个装置间硝酸盐氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)去除率无显著差异;最高HLR为0.95 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)时,3个装置NO_(3)^(-)-N去除率均显著降低,且S^(0)/牡蛎壳为5∶1(61.16%±9.31%)和3∶1(56.62%±7.23%)装置的NO_(3)^(-)-N去除率显著高于S^(0)/牡蛎壳为1∶1(38.98%±10.19%)的装置。S^(0)/牡蛎壳为5∶1和3∶1装置的NO_(3)^(-)-N去除负荷随HLR升高而升高。S^(0)/牡蛎壳为3∶1装置的平均出水亚硝酸盐氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)最低,为(0.59±0.39)mg/L。装置的出水pH随S^(0)/牡蛎壳的比例和HLR的升高而降低。SAD装置中优势菌门为弯曲杆菌门(Campilobacterota,6.47%~59.73%),优势菌属为具有反硝化功能的硫单胞菌属(Sulfurimonas,2.70%~49.50%)。随着S^(0)/牡蛎壳的比例下降,装置内及装置上部牡蛎壳和S^(0)交接处的硫单胞菌属丰度上升。pH与反硝化基因丰度呈正相关。该研究结果可为海水循环水养殖系统中SAD装置的设计与运行提供基础理论数据。
Seawater recirculating aquaculture is a sustainable aquaculture method that provides benefits such as the conservation of water and land resources,high productivity,and environmental protection.The high NO_(3)^(-)-N concentration in wastewater is a primary factor limiting wastewater discharge to meet compliance standards and restricting the sustainable development of seawater recirculation aquaculture.Biological denitrification is the primary method for removing NO_(3)^(-)-N in the water.Sulfur autotrophic denitrification(SAD)does not require an external organic carbon source and produces low sludge production,making it suitable for treating seawater recirculating aquaculture water with lower C/N ratios.However,SAD generates H+,which reduces the pH of water,thus affecting the stability of the denitrification device in long-term operation.In the actual operation of the SAD device,oyster shells are frequently used as a filler substrate to regulate the pH of water and ensure the effectiveness of the device in denitrification.Oyster shells,as kitchen waste,are cheap and easy to obtain and have received widespread attention.Studies on the denitrification performance and microbial community structure of the SAD device for marine recirculating aquaculture wastewater with varying hydraulic loading rates(HLRs)and S^(0)/Oyster shell filling ratios are limited.In this study,we compared the denitrification performance of SAD devices with three S^(0)/Oyster shell ratios(5:1,3:1,and 1:1)under five HLRs[0.19,0.24,0.32,0.48,and 0.95 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)]and the changes in influent and effluent pH and DO in the treatment of seawater recirculating aquaculture wastewater,using artificial seawater recirculating aquaculture wastewater as the treatment target.The effects of different S^(0)/Oyster shell ratios on the nitrogen removal performance of the SAD device were evaluated in combination with microbial community characterization and functional gene prediction analysis.When the HLR was 0.19~0.48 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d),no significant difference was observed in the NO_(3)^(-)-N removal rates among the four HLRs and three devices,which were(72.11±12.64)%~(75.85±7.95)%,(76.00±6.91)%~(78.13±6.45)%,(70.40±7.78)%~(75.76±8.98)%,respectively.At the highest HLR[0.95 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)],the NO_(3)^(-)-N removal efficiency of the three devices significantly decreased,and the NO_(3)^(-)-N removal efficiency of the S^(0)/Oyster shell=5:1(61.16%±9.31%)and 3:1(56.62%±7.23%)devices was significantly higher than that of the S^(0)/Oyster shell=1:1(38.98%±10.19%).For the S^(0)/Oyster shell=3:1,the average concentration of effluent NO_(2)^(-)-N of the device was the lowest at(0.59±0.39)mg/L.No significant difference was observed in the average concentration of effluent NH_(4)^(+)-N among the three devices,ranging from(0.17±0.07)to(0.19±0.11)mg/L.The denitrification performance of S^(0)/Oyster shell=5:1 and 3:1 devices was better.The effluent pH of the device decreased with increased S^(0)/Oyster shell ratio and HLR.The dominant bacterial phyla in the SAD device were Campilobacterota(6.47%~59.73%)and Proteobacteria(16.46%~53.93%),and the dominant bacterial genus was Sulfurimonas(2.70%~49.50%).As the ratio of S^(0)/Oyster shells decreased,the abundance of Sulfurimonas increased within the device and at the intersection of oyster shells and S^(0) in the upper part of the device.pH was positively correlated with denitrification gene abundance.This study provides basic theoretical data for the design and operation of SAD devices in seawater RAS.
作者
周瑀
李甍
宋协法
孙佐梁
董登攀
魏元戎
ZHOU Yu;LI Meng;SONG Xiefa;SUN Zuoliang;DONG Dengpan;WEI Yuanrong(Ocean University of China,Hydro-Environmental Engineering Laboratory,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《渔业科学进展》
北大核心
2025年第2期162-172,共11页
Progress in Fishery Sciences
基金
国家重点研究发展计划(2023YFD2400404,2023TSGC0925,QDBSH20230101007)资助。
关键词
硫自养反硝化(SAD)
脱氮性能
S^(0)
牡蛎壳
高通量测序
Sulfur autotrophic denitrification(SAD)
Denitrification performance
S^(0)
Oyster shell
High throughput sequencing
作者简介
周瑀,Email:1578473283@qq.com;通信作者:宋协法,教授,Email:yuchuan@ouc.edu.cn。
