唐太宗边疆策略的原则与实践

The Principle and Practice of Tang Taizong's Border Strategy

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摘要唐太宗即位后,面对纷杂的边疆形势坚决贯彻了“先急后缓、先西后东、未雨绸缪”的原则。在具体的实践中,先集中力量攻灭威胁最大的东突厥,后进行东西部边疆的经略,此为“先急后缓”。在东西部边疆的经营选择上,西部边疆的优先级要高于东部边疆,目的在于以河西拱卫关中,以西域拱卫河西,建立起立体的边疆防御体系,此为“先西后东”。“未雨绸缪”原则的实践则与“先西后东”相互交错,只有在西部边疆用兵规模很小或西部边疆结束用兵之后才会在东部边疆进行军事行动,用兵对象为高丽。太宗对高丽的用兵目的以提前打击为主,即预防东部边疆形成过于强大的边患威胁。总体而言,唐太宗的边疆政策得到了很好的执行。但由于太宗的猝然离世,东西部均有未曾彻底解决的势力,即西部边疆的西突厥和东部边疆的高丽,这也成了唐高宗即位后需要着力解决的问题。 After Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne,facing the complicated border situation,he resolutely implemented the principle of'first urgent and then slow,first west and then east,and take precautions beforehand.In specific practice,he first concentrated his efforts to attack and destroy the most threatening East Turks,and then carried out the management of the eastern and western borders,which is first urgent and then slow;in the management choice of the eastern and western borders,the priority of the western border is higher than that of the eastern border.The purpose is to establish a three-dimensional border defense system with Hexi guarding Guanzhong and Western Regions guarding Hexi,which is first west and then east.The practice of the principle of taking precautions is intertwined with the principle of first west and then east.Only after the scale of military use in the western border is small or the end of military use in the western border,military operations will be carried out in the eastern border.The purpose of Taizong's military use against Goryeo was mainly to strike in advance,that is,to prevent the formation of too strong border threats in the eastern border.In general,Tang Taizong's border strategy has been well implemented,but due to the sudden death of Taizong,there are forces in the east and west that have not been completely solved,that is,the western border of Western Turks and the eastern border of Goryeo,which has also become a problem that needs to be solved after Tang Gaozong ascended the throne.

作者张冠凯 ZHANG Guan-kai(College of Historiography and Museology,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong Shanxi 030619,China)

机构地区太原师范学院历史与文博学院

出处《北疆文化研究》 2024年第6期46-54,共9页 Chinese Northern Boderland Culture Studies

基金山西省高等学校一般性教学改革创新2023年度项目“后疫情背景下历史学课程思政元素的挖掘——以《中国史学史》为例”(编号:J20231109) 太原师范学院教学改革2023年度项目“疫情背景下历史学课程思政元素的挖掘——以《中国史学史》为例”(编号:JGLX2329)

关键词唐太宗边疆策略原则实践 Tang Taizong Border Strategy Principle Practice

分类号 K242 [历史地理—中国史]

作者简介张冠凯,男,太原师范学院历史与文博学院讲师,博士。