摘要
为有效防控耕地重金属污染,对江苏太湖地区获取的42套水稻全株样品Cd、Hg、Pb等元素地球化学数据进行系统分析,基于土壤-水稻系统元素分布分配及其相关性等,探讨水稻全株(根、秆、茎、叶、枝、皮、米等全部器官)Cd、Hg、Pb分布富集特征。结果显示:太湖地区水稻全株Cd、Hg、Pb分布富集存在显著差异,水稻器官中以稻米富集Cd、Hg、Pb的能力最弱。在Cd、Hg、Pb中,水稻吸收Cd的能力最强,水稻全株Cd的生物富集系数(BCF)比Hg高35倍、比Pb高42倍;水稻全株Cd分布具有显著的单向逐渐降低特征,顺序为根→秆→茎→叶→枝→皮→米,Cd均量从10.61 mg·kg^(-1)逐渐降到0.62 mg·kg^(-1),其BCF均值从5.941降到0.325,各水稻器官之间的Cd含量均具有显著正相关性,稻米Cd主要受控于土壤Cd、pH、总有机碳(TOC)等及根系吸收;水稻全株Hg分布呈现叶、根相对富集特征,各水稻器官Hg均量为0.0044~0.0276 mg·kg^(-1),其BCF均值为0.020~0.124,富集能力排序为米<秆<皮<茎<枝<根<叶,稻米Hg主要受控于土壤TOC、Hg等及茎、叶吸收;水稻全株Pb分布呈现根、叶相对富集特征,各水稻器官Pb均量为0.10~8.25 mg·kg^(-1),其BCF均值为0.002~0.178,富集能力排序为米<茎=秆<枝=皮<叶<根,稻米Pb主要受控于土壤Pb、TOC等及茎、叶、根系吸收。因此,当地防控水稻Cd污染要重点关注土壤环境,而防控水稻Hg、Pb污染既要关注土壤环境,还要或更要关注大气环境。
In order to effectively prevent and control heavy metals pollution in cultivated land,42 sets of the whole rice samples were collected and tested in the Taihu Lake areas in Jiangsu Province,and the systematic analyses and generation were conducted on these geochemical survey data newly obtained about Cd,Hg and Pb and other eco-environmental indicators within the soil and plants.By studying and generating their distribution characteristics and correlations between some geochemical indicators in soil and rice plants including roots,straws,stalks,leaves,shoots,chaffs and brown rice,and so on,and the distribution and enriched features have been explored or discussed in this paper related to Cd,Hg and Pb in those whole rice plants.The main studied results showed as follows:In the studied areas,there were significant differences in the distribution and enrichment of Cd,Hg and Pb,and the enriched ability of the brown rice was the relative weakest in the whole rice plants.As to Cd,Hg and Pb,the strongest ability to absorb heavy metals was Cd in rice,and the bioconcentratiton factors(BCF)of Cd were 35 times higher than Hg and 42 times higher than Pb in the whole rice plants.The distributive characteristics of Cd showed a significant unidirectional gradual decrease trend in the whole rice plants,from roots to straws,to stalks,to leaves,to shoots,to chaffs,and to brown rice,the mean values of Cd concentrations gradually decreased from 10.61 mg·kg^(-1) to 0.62 mg·kg^(-1),the mean value of their BCF decreased from 5.941 to 0.325,and there were the significant positive correlations between the Cd contents of each rice organ and other one in the whole rice plants,and the Cd enrichment in the brown rice was mainly controlled by some geochemical indicators in soil as to Cd,pH,TOC,etc.,or Cd in the brown rice may be from roots absorption mainly.The Hg distribution in the whole rice plants showed relative enrichment to leaves and roots,and the mean values of Hg concentrations from above stated every rice organs ranged from 0.0044 mg·kg^(-1) to 0.0276 mg·kg^(-1),and the mean values of their BCF ranged from 0.020 to 0.124,and the ranking orders of the Hg enriched degree were the brown rice<straws<chaffs<stalks<shoots<roots<leaves,and Hg in the brown rice was mainly controlled by TOC and Hg in soil,and uptake of leaves should be the most main sources of Hg in the brown rice.The distribution of Pb in the whole rice plant showed relative enrichment to roots and leaves,and the mean values of Pb concentrations of the all rice organs ranged from 0.10 mg·kg^(-1) to 8.25 mg·kg^(-1),and their mean values of BCF ranged from 0.002 to 0.178,and their Pb enriched degree ranking sequence were the brown rice<stalks≈straws<shoots≈chaffs<leaves<roots in the whole rice plants,and Pb concentrations of the brown rice were mainly controlled by Pb and TOC in soil,and the uptake of roots and leaves should be main Pb sources of the brown rice.Therefore,the main objectives should focus on the soil environments to prevent and control Cd pollution in rice in the studied areas,while preventing and controlling Hg and Pb pollution in rice should pay attention to both the soil and the atmospheric environments at same time.
作者
李文博
廖启林
范健
黄顺生
任静华
崔晓丹
刘玮晶
徐宏婷
LI Wenbo;LIAO Qilin;FAN Jian;HUANG Shunsheng;REN Jinghua;CUI Xiaodan;LIU Weijing;XU Hongting(Innovation Center for Ecological Monitoring&Restoration Project on Land(Arable),Ministry of Natural Resources,Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210018,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期330-341,共12页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
江苏省自然资源发展专项资金(海洋科技创新)项目(JSZRHYKJ202117)
江苏省基础研究计划暨自然科学(面上)项目(BK20171496)。
关键词
水稻全株
CD
HG
PB
分布
富集特征
江苏太湖地区
whole rice plant
Cd
Hg
Pb
distribution
accumulating features
Taihu Lake areas in Jiangsu Province
作者简介
李文博(1988-),男,江西宜春人,硕士研究生,工程师,从事土壤环境地球化学调查应用研究,E-mail:jsgslwb@qq.com;通信作者:廖启林,E-mail:1043034588@qq.com。
