摘要
为明确间伐套种后林下土壤微生物群落的优势菌门及其多样性与土壤理化性质之间的关系,以4个不同间伐保留密度[375株·hm^(-2)(D375)、570株·hm^(-2)(D570)、630株·hm^(-2)(D630)、810株·hm^(-2)(D810)]的杉楠复层林为研究对象,研究杉木保留密度对杉楠复层林0~20 cm土层土壤养分、土壤团聚体粒径、微生物群落组成和多样性的影响。结果表明:随杉木保留密度的增大,土壤含水量(SWC)先升高后降低,pH值、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)含量均变化不大,全碳(TC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、有效磷(AP)含量均呈降低的变化趋势,D375处理的TC、DOC、AP、有效钾(AK)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)、铵态氮(NH+4-N)含量和碳氮比(C/N)、氮磷比(N/P)均为最高值;土壤机械稳定性团聚体含量表现为D375>D810>D570>D630。杉木保留密度增大会提高群落中特有的细菌多样性,但杉木保留密度过大则会减少特有的细菌可操作分类单元(OTUs),土壤特有的真菌OTUs随着杉木保留密度的增大整体呈减少趋势;细菌Simpson和Shannon指数整体上变化不大,不同处理之间无显著差异,D630处理的细菌Chao1指数显著大于其余处理(P<0.05),而D375处理与D570、D630处理的真菌Simpson指数存在显著差异(P<0.05);主成分分析结果表明,不同杉木间伐保留密度对复层林土壤细菌和真菌群落结构与多样性均有较大影响;叠加热图的Mantel′s r分析表明,土壤中的C/N是影响细菌多样性最重要的环境因子,C/N、C/P、N/P和NO-3-N含量是影响真菌群落多样性最重要的环境因子。合理的杉木保留密度(375株·hm^(-2))可以改善杉楠复层林林下植被的生长环境,进而改变土壤结构和土壤养分分布,增加土壤关键微生物类群,促进土壤养分周转,对土壤肥力和生态系统健康的维持至关重要。
To clarify the relationship of the dominant phyla and diversity of soil microbial communities with soil physicochemical properties after thinning and interplanting,four different thinning retention densities[375 plant·hm^(-2)(D375),570 plant·hm^(-2)(D570),630 plant·hm^(-2)(D630),810 plant·hm^(-2)(D810)]were studied.The effects of Cunninghamia lanceolata retention density on soil nutrients,soil aggregate size,and microbial community composition and diversity in 0-20 cm layer of C.lanceolata-Phoebe bournei compound storied forests were studied.The results showed that with the increase in the retention density of C.lanceolata,soil water content(SWC)first increased and then decreased;pH value,total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)contents had little change;total carbon(TC),soluble organic carbon(DOC),and available phosphorus(AP)content showed a decreasing trend.The content of TC,DOC,AP,available potassium(AK),nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N),and ammonium nitrogen(NH+4-N),carbon to nitrogen ratio(C/N),and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio(N/P)under D375 treatment were the highest.The content of soil mechanically stable aggregates showed D375>D810>D570>D630.The increase in the retention density of C.lanceolata improved the diversity of specific bacteria in the community.However,the excessive retention density of C.lanceolata reduced the number of specific bacterial operational taxonomic units(OTUs),and the number of soil-based fungi OTUs decreased with the increase in the retention density.The Simpson index and Shannon index of bacteria had little change on the whole,and there was no significant difference between different treatments.The Chao1 index of the D630 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05),while the Simpson index of fungi treated with D375 was significantly different from that of the D570 and D630 treatments(P<0.05).The results of the principal component analysis showed that the structure and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities were significantly affected by different thinning retention densities of C.lanceolata.Mantel′s r analysis of superimposed heat maps indicated that C/N in soil was the most important environmental factor affecting bacterial diversity,and C/N,C/P,N/P,and NO-3-N content were the most important factors affecting fungal community diversity.Reasonable retention density of C.lanceolata(375 plant·hm^(-2))can improve the growth environment of the understory vegetation of C.lanceolata-P.bournei compound storied forest,changing the soil structure and nutrient distribution,increasing the key microbial groups in soil,and promoting the turnover of soil nutrients,which is crucial for the maintenance of soil fertility and ecosystem health.
作者
李万
潘芳莹
张慧敏
杜菁
周垂帆
LI Wan;PAN Fangying;ZHANG Huimin;DU Jing;ZHOU Chuifan(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;College of JunCao Science and Ecology(College of Carbon Neutrality),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;College of Forestry and Grassland and College of Soil and Water Conservation,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China)
出处
《森林与环境学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期113-124,共12页
Journal of Forest and Environment
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目“武夷山区杉阔复层林近自然精准经营模式研究”(2021YFD2201304-05)。
关键词
杉木
保留密度
闽楠
微生物
林下套种
复层林
土壤理化性质
Cunninghamia lanceolata
retention density
Phoebe bournei
microorganism
understory interplanting
compound storied forest
soil physicochemical properties
作者简介
第一作者:李万(1996-),男,硕士研究生,从事水土保持研究。Email:2938403982@qq.com;通信作者:周垂帆(1986-),男,教授,从事水土保持与生态修复研究。Email:zhouchuifan@163.com。
