摘要
为解决复合纱捻度高、残余扭矩大、扭结较多的问题,采用羊毛纤维、锦纶长丝为原料,结合自捻纺纱与低扭矩纺纱技术,制备了嵌入式同相自捻纱和异相自捻纱,对同相自捻纱进行受力分析,探究了嵌入长丝的角度/间距对复合自捻纱自捻扭矩的影响,分析了长丝与粗纱在不同间距下对2种自捻纱成纱性能的影响。结果表明:嵌入式异相自捻纱性能普遍优于同相自捻纱;随着长丝与粗纱间距增大,长丝包缠角度变大,对短纤维的束缚作用增强,提高了纤维强度利用率和成纱均匀度;当长丝与粗纱间距过大时,长丝对短纤维内外转移的调控作用减弱,纤维间抱合力减小,条干均匀度恶化;在2 mm间距时嵌入式自捻纱综合性能更优,异相自捻纱与同相自捻纱的断裂强度分别为9.79和6.63 cN/tex,条干CV值分别为19.16%和20.93%,3 mm毛羽数量分别为119根/(10 m)和102根/(10 m);嵌入式自捻纱充分利用长丝连续性和受力均匀性平衡退捻力矩,有效降低了复合纱线的残余扭矩(≤1个扭结/(25 cm))。
Objective The yarn quality produced from a single component often faces limitations imposed by the material itself.These limitations can be addressed by utilizing a combination of multiple materials to enhance the performance.Composite yarns are typically manufactured using methods such as ring spinning,which results in high twist rates and substantial residual torque.These factors contribute to an increased number of kinks which necessitates additional processes to reduce residual torque,thereby incurring higher time and resource costs.In contrast,self-twisting spinning leverages the principle of de-twisting during yarn formation,naturally reducing residual torque and offering significant research potential.Method This study utilized a composite filament approach to investigate the properties of self-twisted yarns,aiming to control the yarn structure and produce low-torque,high-quality composite yarns.Wool fiber and nylon filament served as the raw materials,the improved S300 self-twist spinning system was used for large-scale manufacture of embedded in-phase self-twisted yarns and heterogeneous self-twisted yarns.A stress analysis was conducted on the in-phase self-twisted yarns to examine the influence of the angle and spacing of the embedded filaments on the self-twist torque of the composite yarns.Additionally,the effects of filament and roving spacing on the yarn formation performance of both types of self-twisted yarns were analyzed.Results Eight groups of spun yarns were rigorously tested using 3-D microscope,evenness tester,hairiness tester,strength tester,and hanging kink test.When the spacing between the filament and the roving was set at 0 mm,the resulting yarns formed a core structure,exhibiting poor quality due to uncontrolled hairiness.At a spacing of 2 mm,the yarns became wrapped yarns,in which the filament exerted inward pressure on the fibers to control the surface fibers and enhance internal strength.This configuration provided optimal strength and evenness properties,validating the effectiveness of the compound twisting followed by retwisting yarn formation scheme.As the spacing between the filament and roving increased,the orientation of the filament was decreased,leading to improvement of the wrapping effect on the fibers and enhancement of the surface hairiness control.However,the filament struggled to maintain internal tensile resistance,resulting in a gradual decline in strength.Furthermore,an increase in the self-twisting torque of the embedded composite self-twisted yarns led to non-uniform twisting distribution,adversely affecting the yarn evenness.When the spacing became excessively large,the filament and roving could not effectively compound under the grip of the twisting roller.On the contrary,they converged at the hook,resulting in a unique yarn formation structure characterized by an initial twist followed by a retwist.In this specific configuration,referred to as Scheme D,both filaments periodically migrated toward the same side.During half a twist cycle,the left filament moved away from the fibers while the right filament remained close,causing the right single yarn to wrap around the yarn body and form a composite single yarn.The left single yarn twisted with the composite yarn,but the filament could not regulate the internal and external transfer of fibers effectively.Conclusion The embedded self-twisted yarns significantly reduced the residual torque to below one kink in composite yarns.The optimal configuration for achieving superior tensile properties and yarn structure was identified at a filament-roving spacing of 2 mm.In comparison,heterogeneous self-twisted yarns exhibited better evenness and tensile properties than the homogeneous self-twisted yarns.Therefore,the heterogeneous self-twisting spinning method is preferred in practical production.When the spacing between filament and roving exceeded 6 mm,achieving a tensile homophase self-twisted yarns displayed a unique structure with both core and wrapped characteristics,achieving a strength of 7.39 cN/tex,surpassing that of close heterogeneous self-twisted yarns.
作者
张瑞成
张文清
吕哲
许多
刘可帅
徐卫林
ZHANG Ruicheng;ZHANG Wenqing;L Zhe;XU Duo;LIU Keshuai;XU Weilin(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan,Hubei 430200,China;State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan,Hubei 430200,China)
出处
《纺织学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期78-85,共8页
Journal of Textile Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3805800)
国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2095,52203373)。
关键词
自捻纺
嵌入式复合纱
低扭矩
纱线结构模型
纱线性能
self-twisting spinning
embedded composite yarn
low torque
yarn structure model
yarn property
作者简介
第一作者:张瑞成(2000-),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为新型纺纱技术;通信作者:刘可帅(1989-),男,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为特种功能纺织品。E-mail:liukeshuai89@163.com。
