摘要
目的分析泉州市泉港区流行性感冒(流感)流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法利用传染病报告信息管理系统中2010—2022年泉州市泉港区流感病例资料、来自泉港区公安局和统计年鉴的人口数据,采用χ^(2)检验,集中度、圆形分布法、高/低聚类和热点分析,分析泉港区流感的三间分布和时空聚集性,检验水准α=0.05。结果2010—2022年泉州市泉港区报告流感病例542例,年均发病率10.29/10万,各年间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=152.825,P<0.001);流感发病季节性较弱(M_合=0.13),大部分呈冬春季流行,总发病高峰为2月20日,发病高峰期10月27日至次年6月17日;男性年均发病率(11.81/10万)高于女性(8.68/10万),0~4岁组发病较多(51.7%);以散居儿童为主(47.5%);山腰街道年均发病率最高(12.53/10万),其次为界山镇(12.45/10万)。结论泉州市泉港区流感病例高发人群为0~4岁男性散居儿童,冬春季主城区、偏远山区高发,应加强监测,加大健康宣教力度,推动疫苗接种。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Quangang District of Quanzhou City,and to provide basis for the development of prevention and control strategies.Methods Based on the date of influenza cases in Quangang District of Quanzhou City from 2010to 2022 in the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System,the population data from Quangang District Public Security Bureau and the Statistical Yearbook,Chi-square test,concentration degree,circular distribution method,high/low clustering and hotspot analyses were used to analyze the triple distribution and spatio-temporal aggregation of influenza in Quangang District,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results Quangang District of Quanzhou City reported 542 cases of influenza from 2010 to 2022,with an average annual incidence of 10.29/105,and the difference in the incidence rate among different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=152.825,P<0.001).The seasonality of influenza incidence was weak(M_(together)=0.13).Most epidemics occurred in winter and spring,with the total peak incidence on February 20 and the peak incidence period from October27 to June 17 in the next year.The average annual incidence rate in men(11.81/105)was higher that that in women(8.68/105).Higher incidence was reported in the age group of 0-4 years old(51.7%).Most cases were scattered children(47.5%).Shanyao street had the highest average annual incidence(12.53/105),followed by Jieshan Town(12.45/105).Conclusions The high incidence of influenza cases in Quangang District of Quanzhou City was male scattered children aged 0-4 years,with a high incidence rate in winter and spring in the main urban areas and remote mountainous areas.Thus,surveillance should be strengthened,health education efforts should be increased,and vaccination should be promoted.
作者
曾菊花
张越
ZENG Juhua;ZHANG Yue(Quangang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Quanzhou 362800,Fujian Province,China;School of Public Health,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150000,Heilongjiang Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
2025年第1期70-74,共5页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
流行性感冒
流行病学特征
泉港区
influenza
epidemiological characteristics
Quangang District
作者简介
曾菊花(1980-),女,本科,主管医师,学校卫生与儿少卫生,E-mail:511027855@qq.com。
