摘要
锂离子电池已成为当前应用最广泛的储能器件,能量密度、功率密度是评价其性能的两个重要参数。然而,高能量密度与高功率密度存在矛盾,有着“此消彼长”的现象。发展高能量密度和高功率密度兼顾型锂离子电池(简称双高型锂离子电池)对于进一步满足高效能、现代化装备(如特种装备、电动无人机等)具有重要意义。关键新材料是决定双高型锂离子电池性能的基本和核心因素,电池性能的跃升需要从储能机制、新材料制备技术出发。本文首先介绍了双高型锂离子电池的定义及关键性能指标,随后综述了双高型锂离子电池关键正极、负极材料及其改性策略等方面的研究进展,以及不同类型的电解质对锂离子电池性能的影响,并对双高型锂离子电池的设计和研发进行了讨论,总结了研究现状、面临的挑战和未来发展趋势,为下一代双高型锂离子电池的设计开发提供了新思路。
Lithium-ion batteries have become the most widely used energy storage devices,with energy density and power density as critical parameters for assessing their performance.However,high energy density and high-power density represent a contradictory pair,exhibiting a"trade-off"phenomenon.The development of lithium-ion batteries with both high energy density and high-power density(referred to as"dual-high"lithium-ion batteries)is crucial for addressing the demands of high-efficiency modern equipment(such as special equipment,electric drones,etc.).Essential new materials are the primary factors determining the performance of dual-high lithium-ion batteries,and the advancement in battery performance requires a focus on energy storage mechanisms and innovative material preparation technologies.This paper first introduces the definition and key performance indicators of dual-high lithium-ion batteries and subsequently reviews the recent advancements in critical cathode and anode materials for dual-high lithium-ion batteries and their modification strategies.It also evaluates the influence of various electrolytes on the performance of lithium-ion batteries and discusses the design and fabrication of dual-high lithium-ion batteries.A summary of the current research status,challenges,and future development trends is presented,offering innovative concepts for designing and developing the next generation of dual-high lithium-ion batteries.
作者
刘通
杨瑰婷
毕辉
梅悦旎
刘硕
宫勇吉
罗文雷
LIU Tong;YANG Guiting;BI Hui;MEI Yueni;LIU Shuo;GONG Yongji;LUO Wenlei(State Key Laboratory of Space Power Sources,Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources,Shanghai 200245,China;National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology,Academy of Military Science,Beijing 100071,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Shanghai Institute of Ceramics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201899,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第1期54-76,共23页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
关键词
双高型锂离子电池
高能量密度
高功率密度
高容量高倍率电极材料
高电压高导电电解质
电池设计
dual-high lithium-ion batteries
high energy density
high power density
highcapacity and high-rate electrode materials
high-voltage and high-conductivity electrolytes
battery design
作者简介
第一作者:刘通(1993-),男,博士研究生,工程师,研究方向为锂离子电池,E-mail:liutone@126.com;通信作者:罗文雷,副研究员,研究方向为能源与动力技术,E-mail:wenleiluo@163.com。
